Abstracts
Résumé
La situation des femmes entrepreneures a beaucoup évolué au cours des années et l’importance de soutenir l’activité des femmes entrepreneures n’est plus à démontrer. Plusieurs auteurs soulignent la nécessité d’adopter une approche différenciée compte tenu des obstacles auxquels elles font face, lesquels nécessitent de considérer leur contexte spécifique. À travers une étude exploratoire menée en Afrique du Sud et au Rwanda, cet article porte sur l’adéquation entre les services de soutien offerts aux femmes entrepreneures et leur réalité spécifique. Sur la base d’un modèle combinant le contexte, les stratégies de soutien et la performance des entreprises créées par les femmes, la recherche permet d’illustrer la mésadaptation des services de soutien caractérisés par une approche générique et androcentrique, une logique stéréotypée de la performance et un manque de considération pour l’influence de la situation familiale sur le cheminement entrepreneurial. Dans le but d’alimenter la réflexion et orienter
Mots-clés :
- Femmes entrepreneures,
- Entrepreneuriat contextualisé,
- Stratégies de soutien,
- Genre,
- Afrique
Abstract
The situation of women entrepreneurs has evolved a lot over the years and the importance of supporting women entrepreneurs is no longer to be demonstrated. Several authors underline the need to adopt a differentiated and contextualized approach in view of the specific obstacles they face. Through an exploratory study conducted in South Africa and Rwanda, this article focuses on the adequacy of support services for women entrepreneurs and their specific realities. On the basis of a model combining the context, the strategies of support and the performance of businesses created by women, research illustrates the maladjustment of support services characterized by a generic and androcentric approach, a stereotypical logic of performance and a lack of consideration for the influence of the family situation on the entrepreneurial path. In order to stimulate reflection and guide future interventions, an original model based on a dynamic and collective approach is proposed.
Keywords:
- Women entrepreneurs,
- Contextualized entrepreneurship,
- Support strategies,
- Gender,
- Africa
Resumen
La situación de las mujeres emprendedoras ha evolucionado mucho a lo largo de los años y la importancia de apoyarlas ya no se tiene que demostrar. Varios autores subrayan la necesidad de adoptar un enfoque diferenciado en vista de los obstáculos a los que se enfrentan. Un enfoque que necesita la toma en cuenta del contexto específico. A través de un estudio exploratorio realizado en Sudáfrica y Ruanda, este artículo se centra en la adecuación entre los servicios de apoyo a las mujeres emprendedoras y sus realidades específicas. Basándose en un modelo que combina el contexto, las estrategias de apoyo y el desempeño de las empresas creadas por las mujeres, la investigación ilustra la inadaptación de los servicios de apoyo caracterizados por un enfoque genérico y androcéntrico, una lógica estereotipada de rendimiento y una falta de consideración de la influencia de la situación familiar en la trayectoria de emprendimiento. Para estimular la reflexión y guiar futuras intervenciones, se propone un modelo original basado en un enfoque dinámico y colectivo.
Palabras clave:
- Mujeres emprendedoras,
- Emprendimiento contextualizado,
- Estrategias de apoyo,
- Género,
- África
Appendices
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