Abstracts
Abstract
More than a century after the adoption of section 31 of the Manitoba Act, 1870, which granted 1.4 million acres to the Métis of Manitoba, the descendants were unable to convince a trial judge that the federal and provincial governments improperly implemented this section. In his decision, Judge MacInnes seems to have relied heavily on the historical interpretation of the Crown’s expert witness, political scientist Thomas Flanagan. In this article, the author re-examines the historical evidence concerning the genesis rather than the implementation of s. 31 and finds that, contrary to what Flanagan has asserted, the Métis did indeed make land claims during the Resistance of 1869-70 and mandated their delegate, the abbot Noël-Joseph Ritchot, to negotiate a territorial enclave as consideration for the surrender of their derivative Indian title.
Résumé
Plus d’un siècle après la promulgation de l’art. 31 de la Loi de 1870 sur le Manitoba, qui accordait une concession de 1,4 million d’acres aux Métis du Manitoba, les descendants de ces derniers n’ont pas réussi à convaincre le juge MacInnes de reconnaître l’inconstitutionnalité de la manière que cet acte a été mis en oeuvre. Dans sa décision, le juge MacInnes semble s’être largement appuyé sur l’interprétation historique du témoin expert pour la Couronne, le politologue Thomas Flanagan. Dans cet article, l’auteur réexamine la preuve historique en ce qui concerne la genèse plutôt que la mise en oeuvre de l’art. 31 et démontre que, contrairement à ce qu’a affirmé Flanagan, les Métis ont bel et bien revendiqué des terres pendant la Résistance de 1869-70 et ont mandaté leur représentant, l’abbé Noël-Joseph Ritchot, de négocier une enclave territoriale en guise d’échange de l’extinction de leur titre d’indien dérivé.
Appendices
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