Abstracts
Abstract
This research is conducted on a mesotidal, argillite shore platform at Mont Louis in Gaspé, Québec, and on macrotidal platforms in the basalts of Scots Bay and the sandstones of Burncoat Head in Nova Scotia. Rock samples have been subjected to wetting and drying and to salt weathering cycles. The platforms were surveyed; rock hardness was determined with a Rock Test Hammer; waves were recorded in the field; and downwearing rates were measured at 56 micro-erosion meter stations over 1 to 3 years. Weathering is the dominant process at Mont Louis, although the horizontal platform may have been cut by waves at the high tidal level. Wave backwearing was much more important than downwearing by weathering during the Holocene at Scots Bay. Wave quarrying only occurs on a few scarps today, however, and without much abrasive material, slow downwearing now dominates over most of the platform surface. Waves probably help to remove loosened sand grains at Burncoat Head, thereby contributing to platform downwearing. Abrasion is also important in places, but the data suggest that backwearing by wave quarrying and probably frost has been a little more important than downwearing by abrasion and weathering during the Holocene.
Résumé
Processus des plates-formes littorales de l’est du Canada. Une plate-forme littorale d’argilites soumise à des marées modérées à Mont Louis en Gaspésie, Québec, et des plates-formes soumises à des fortes marées dans les basaltes de Scots Bay et les grès de Burncoat Head de la Nouvelle-Écosse furent étudiées. Des échantillons de roches ont été soumis à des cycles de mouillage et de séchage et d’haloclastie. Le profil des plates-formes a été mesuré, la dureté des roches a été établie par le test du marteau de Schmidt, les vagues ont été mesurées sur le terrain et le taux d’usure vertical a été quantifié à 56 stations avec des appareils détectant la micro-érosion, le tout sur une période d’un à trois ans. L’altération est le processus dominant à Mont Louis, bien que la plate-forme horizontale ait été entaillée par les vagues au maximum des marées hautes. L’usure horizontale par les vagues était plus importante que l’usure verticale par altération durant l’Holocène à Scots Bay. L’extraction de grands blocs par les vagues ne se produit toutefois de nos jours que sur quelques abrupts et, en l’absence de matériel abrasif, une lente usure verticale domine maintenant sur la plupart des plates-formes. Les vagues ont probablement aidé à éliminer les grains de sable produits par l’altération à Burncoat Head, contribuant ainsi à l’usure verticale de la plate-forme. L’abrasion est également importante à certains endroits, mais les données indiquent que l’usure horizontale par les vagues, et aussi par le gel, a été un peu plus importante que l’usure verticale par l’abrasion et l’altération durant l’Holocène.
Appendices
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