Abstracts
Abstract
The education system in Quebec has found itself at the center of the debates about secularism since the 1960s. Embedded in broader academic debates about processes of secularization and deconfessionalization of state institutions, religious diversification of society, and reconfiguration of Catholicism, this article aims to analyze how private Catholic schools in post-Catholic Quebec respond to the challenges posed by the secularizing pressures of the state, and the religious diversification of their target populations. Based on a qualitative case study conducted in two private-partially-publicly-funded Catholic or Catholic-oriented high schools (one Anglophone, one Francophone) in Quebec, we argue that the different approaches observed result from the different processes of internal secularization that these two schools have gone through. We draw on Steve Bruce’s notion of “cultural defense” and David Martin’s conceptualization of different trajectories of secularization to interpret these results.
Résumé
Depuis les années 1960, le système d'éducation au Québec s’est trouvé au centre des débats sur la laïcité. Se situant dans de plus larges débats universitaires sur les processus de sécularisation et de déconfessionnalisation des institutions publiques, de diversification religieuse de la société et de reconfiguration du catholicisme, nous visons dans cet article à analyser la façon dont les écoles privées catholiques répondent, dans le Québec post-catholique, aux défis posés par les pressions sécularisantes de l'État et à la diversification religieuse de leurs populations cibles. Nous basant sur une étude de cas qualitative menée dans deux écoles secondaires catholiques ou d’orientation catholique (une anglophone et une francophone) partiellement financées par l'État au Québec, nous soutenons que les approches observées, très différentes, résultent pourtant toutes deux de processus de sécularisation interne particuliers que ces deux écoles ont vécus. Nous nous appuyons sur la notion de « défense culturelle » de Steve Bruce et sur la conceptualisation de différentes trajectoires de sécularisation de David Martin pour interpréter ces résultats.
Appendices
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