Abstracts
Résumé
Afin de documenter davantage la configuration interne de maisons multifamiliales inuit du Labrador et l’impact anthropique de leur occupation sur la matrice sédimentaire, une combinaison d’analyses micromorphologiques et géochimiques a été mise en oeuvre dans l’étude de trois habitations multifamiliales situées sur les sites archéologiques d’Oakes Bay-1 et d’Uivak Point 1. À l’issue des analyses, plusieurs indicateurs anthropiques associés à l’occupation inuit de ces maisons ont été identifiés. Notamment, la présence d’ossements et de matière organique carbonisés, ainsi que l’enrichissement en sodium, en phosphore organique et en baryum, suggèrent la concentration de résidus animaux et organiques pouvant avoir résulté d’activités de cuisine. La dispersion de plusieurs indicateurs anthropiques dans toutes les aires de la maison pourrait avoir été causée par des évènements de nettoyage ou des processus naturels postérieurs aux dépôts. Cette tendance à la dispersion a rendu impossible la détermination d’aires d’activités spécifiques dans les maisons multifamiliales étudiées, à l’exception du cas de la Maison 1 d’Oakes Bay-1. Toutefois, nos données confirment que l’occupation inuit d’Oakes Bay-1 et Uivak Point 1, malgré son caractère saisonnier et sporadique, a assurément eu un impact sur la matrice sédimentaire de ces deux sites archéologiques.
Abstract
To learn more about the internal layout of Inuit communal sod houses in Labrador and the anthropic impact of their occupation on the sedimentary matrix, a combination of micromorphological and geochemical analyses was used to study three communal houses located at the archaeological sites Oakes Bay-1 and Uivak Point 1. Several anthropic indicators associated with Inuit occupation of these houses were identified. In particular, the presence of burnt bones and organic matter and the enrichment of the soil in sodium, organic phosphorus, and barium suggest a concentration of faunal and organic debris that could have been due to cooking activities. Scattering of several anthropic indicators throughout the houses may also have been due to cleaning events or natural and post-depositional processes. This tendency toward scattering made it impossible to identify specific activity areas in the communal sod houses under study, with the exception of House 1 of Oakes Bay-1. Nevertheless, despite being seasonal and sporadic, Inuit occupation of Oakes Bay-1 and Uivak Point 1 definitely impacted the sediment matrix of both archaeological sites.
Appendices
Références
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