Abstracts
Abstract
The realities of political life in Nunavut suggest that levels of political engagement would be lower than that found in southern Canada. The absence of political parties affects both the method of political campaigning and the operation of the legislature while the existence of Inuit birthright organizations provide a parallel system of governance and several more opportunities to vote and to stand for election. Levels of turnout are lower than average for federal elections and lower still for the birthright organizations. For territorial elections, however, turnout levels are much higher. An analysis of predictors of voting demonstrates that age, income and education have a positive impact on turnout. Inuit, and those with positive evaluations of the land claim and Nunavut, are also more likely to vote. In its investigation of political office, the paper also demonstrates that there are elected positions for 1% of the population in Nunavut, compared with .0075% in a typical Canadian community. The paper is the first to examine political behaviour in the North from a quantitative perspective and carefully points out methodological issues affecting the treatment of data. It ends by arguing that southern models of political behaviour should be treated with caution in Nunavut.
Résumé
Les faits saillants de la vie politique au Nunavut suggèrent que les taux d’engagement politique sont inférieurs à ceux du sud canadien. L’absence de partis politiques a un effet sur les méthodes de campagne et sur les opérations de la législature. L’existence d'organisations inuit offre un système de gouvernance parallèle et de multiples occasions de voter ou de se proposer comme candidat. Les taux de participation électorale sont inférieurs pour les élections fédérales, et plus inférieurs encore pour les élections d'organisations inuit. Par contre, pour les élections territoriales, les taux de participation électorale sont plus élevés. Une analyse des indicateurs démographiques du comportement électoral démontrent que l’âge, les revenus et l’éducation ont un effet positif sur la participation. Les Inuit, et les personnes qui évaluent l’effet des revendications territoriales et le nouveau territoire d’une manière positive, ont plus tendance à voter. L’article démontre qu’il y a plus d’occasions de se porter candidat aux élections: il y a des postes pour 1% de la population du Nunavut, comparé à .0075% dans une communauté canadienne typique. L’article est le premier à examiner le comportement politique du Nord d'une une manière quantitative et illustre les questions et problèmes méthodologiques qui ont un effet sur le traitement des données. On y conclut que pour le Nunavut, il ne faut pas y appliquer trop vite des modèles de comportement politique venant du Sud.
Appendices
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