Abstracts
Abstract
Tourists make decisions that impact the places they visit. Through an economic and development perspective, tourism has grown into a capital venture for most countries all while having the challenging task of operating under specific policies that shape visiting experiences. These experiences are critical in assessing how, by and for whom land is developed and managed. This article explores three continents as case studies: Eastern Africa's Maasai Mara, Australia's Uluru-Kata Tuta site and the Torngat Mountains National Reserve Park in Canada. The African and Australian examples are based on participant-observation fieldwork by the authors while the Torngat Mountains serves as an example of what could become the new National Reserve Park in Canada and its possible tourism impact forecasting. Critical analysis is particularly important in this article as we examine, compare and contrast the development approach and land management policies from the tourist's experiential perspective. The purpose of this article is to illustrate the various levels and politics of planning involved in the recognition, nationalization and touristification of heritage sites as well as the creation of identities based on local confines. More specifically, with the focus on tourist experience, we attempt to uncover the nature of theory and practice in indigenous, private and public land management for tourism exploitation.
Résumé
Les touristes prennent des décisions qui influent sur les lieux qu'ils visitent. D'un point de vue économique et de développement, le tourisme est devenu une formidable opportunité pour la plupart des pays, mais ceux-ci doivent faire face au défi de le développer à travers des politiques spécifiques qui façonnent les expériences de visite. Ces expériences sont essentielles pour évaluer comment, par et pour qui le territoire est développé et géré. Cet article explore trois études de cas à travers trois continents: le Maasai Mara en Afrique de l'Est, le site Uluru-Kata Tuta en Australie et les monts Torngat, parc national du Canada. Les exemples africains et australiens sont basés sur l'observation participante des auteures sur le terrain et le cas des monts Torngat est un exemple de ce que pourrait devenir la nouvelle réserve du parc national du Canada et la prévision de son éventuel impact sur le tourisme. L'analyse critique est particulièrement importante pour comparer l'approche du développement et des politiques de gestion des terres du point de vue de l'expérience du touriste. Le but de cet article est d'illustrer les différentes politiques de planification impliquées dans la reconnaissance, la nationalisation et la mise en tourisme de sites du patrimoine ainsi que la création des identités fondées sur des territoires locaux. Plus précisément, en mettant l'accent sur l'expérience touristique, nous tentons de découvrir la nature de la théorie et de la pratique dans la gestion autochtone, privée et publique des territoires pour l'exploitation touristique.
Appendices
Appendices
References
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