Abstracts
Abstract
In this article, the author considers the effects of language attitudes, a sociolinguistic concern, on musical practice. This article assumes that language and music attitudes are related as different expressions in and of a common cultural context. The author demonstrates how Scots Gaelic language attitudes in Cape Breton (where a few hundred people still speak the language) have developed, and considers the possible interplay with current attitudes towards two particular Gaelic song genres. Gaelic language learners and native/fluent speakers in Cape Breton articulated distinct and opposing attitudes towards the song genre of puirt-a-beul [mouth music], and these attitudes are examined in relation to those towards the Gaelic language and compared with their response to eight-line songs, a literary Gaelic song type. Detailed musical and lyric analyses of three Gaelic songs are provided to illustrate the connection between language and music attitudes. The current attitude towards Gaelic in Cape Breton is traced through the history of language policy in Scotland and Cape Breton. These sociolinguistic and musicological analyses are supplemented with ethnographic evidence.
Résumé
Dans cet article, l’auteure prend en considération les effets des attitudes vis-à-vis de la langue, préoccupation sociolinguistique, sur la pratique musicale. Cet article prend pour présupposé que les attitudes envers la langue et la musique sont à relier, en tant qu’expressions internes et externes d’un même contexte culturel. L’auteure montre de quelle manière s’est développée l’attitude envers le gaélique écossais (erse) à Cap Breton (où quelques centaines de personnes parlent encore cette langue), et considère la possible interaction de celle-ci avec les attitudes actuelles envers deux genres particuliers de la chanson gaélique. Ceux qui apprennent la langue gaélique et ceux qui le parlent depuis la naissance à Cap Breton articulent des attitudes distinctes et opposées envers le genre de chanson puirt-a-beul [lit. musique de bouche] ; leurs attitudes sont examinées en relation avec celles qu’ils ont envers l’erse et comparées à leurs réactions vis-à-vis de la « chanson de huit lignes », type littéraire de chanson gaélique. Une analyse détaillée des paroles et musiques de trois chansons gaéliques vient illustrer la connexion des attitudes vis-à-vis de la langue et vis-à-vis de la musique. L’attitude actuelle envers le gaélique à Cap Breton est retracée à travers l’histoire de la politique de la langue en Écosse et à Cap Breton. Ces analyses sociolinguistique et musicologique s’appuient sur des données ethnographiques.
Appendices
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