« I Alone Can Fix It » : les conséquences de l’hostilité de Donald Trump envers l’expertise sur la politique étrangère des États-Unis

Boucher, Vincent; Prémont, Karine

doi:https://doi.org/10.7202/1086928ar

Abelson Donald E., 2006, Capitol Idea: Think Tanks and u.s. Foreign Policy, Montréal, McGill-Queen’s University Press.

Google Scholar

American Foreign Service Association, 2021, « Appointments – Donald J. Trump », 8 janvier. Page consultée sur Internet (https://www.afsa.org/appointments-donald-j-trump) le 27 juin 2021.

Google Scholar

Azari Julia R. et Jennifer K. Smith, 2012, « Unwritten Rules: Informal Institutions in Established Democracies », Perspectives on Politics, vol. 10, n^o 1 : 37-55.

Google Scholar

Baker Peter, 2020, « Trump Proceeds with Post-Impeachment Purge Amid Pandemic », The New York Times, 4 avril. Page consultée sur Internet (https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/04/us/politics/trump-coronavirus-post-impeachment-purge.html) le 27 juin 2021.

Google Scholar

Balthazar Louis, 2015, « Le cadre culturel et le style national », dans C.-P. David (dir.), La politique étrangère des États-Unis. Fondements, acteurs, formulation, Paris, Presses de Sciences Po : 107-146.

Google Scholar

Bauer Michal W. et Stephan Becker, 2020, « Democratic Backsliding, Populism, and Public Administration », Perspectives on Public Management and Governance, vol. 3, n^o 1 : 19-31.

Google Scholar

Bennett Brian, 2019, « Breaking Point: How Trump and Bolton Finally Hit Their Limit », Time, 10 septembre. Page consultée sur Internet (https://time.com/5673302/john-bolton-fired-donald-trump/) 27 juin 2021.

Google Scholar

Bergen Peter, 2019, Trump and His Generals : The Cost of Chaos, New York, Penguin.

Google Scholar

Berling Trine Villumsen et Christian Bueger, 2015, « Security Expertise: An Introduction », dans T.V. Berling et C. Bueger (dir.), Security Expertise: Practice, Power, Responsibility, New York, Routledge : 1-18.

Google Scholar

Boin Arjen, Paul ‘t Hart, Erik Stern et Bengt Sundelius, 2016, The Politics of Crisis Management : Public Leadership under Pressure, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.

Google Scholar

Bolton John, 2020, The Room Where It Happened: A White House Memoir, New York, Simon & Schuster.

Google Scholar

Boucher Vincent, Charles-Philippe David et Karine Prémont, 2020, National Security Entrepreneur and the Making of American Foreign Policy, Montréal/Toronto, McGill/Queen’s University Press.

Google Scholar

Britzky Haley, 2019, « Everything Trump says he knows “more about than anybody” », Axios, 5 janvier. Page consultée sur Internet (https://www.axios.com/everything-trump-says-he-knows-more-about-than-anybody-b278b592-cff0-47dc-a75f-5767f42bcf1e.html) le 27 juin 2021.

Google Scholar

Bruen Brett, 2021, « How Many “Special Envoys” Does Joe Biden Needs? » Politico, 16 mai. Page consultée sur Internet (https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2021/05/16/white-house-special-envoys-diplomatic-czars-488350) le 27 juin 2021.

Google Scholar

Burke John P., 2018, « Struggling with Standard Order: Challenges and Performance of the Trump National Security Council System », Presidential Studies Quarterly, vol. 48, n^o 4 : 640-666.

Google Scholar

Carter Jacob, 2021, « Hundreds of Scientists Lost at the epa During the Last Four Years », Union of Concerned Scientists, 30 janvier. Page consultée sur Internet (https://blog.ucsusa.org/jacob-carter/hundreds-of-scientists-lost-at-the-epa-during-past-four-years/) le 27 juin 2021.

Google Scholar

Center for Presidential Transition, 2020, « Senate Confirmation Process Slows to a Crawl », Partnership for Public Service, 20 janvier, Washington. Page consultée sur Internet (https://presidentialtransition.org/publications/senate-confirmation-process-slows-to-a-crawl/) le 27 juin 2021.

Google Scholar

Chan Melissa, 2017, « Trump’s Top China Expert Isn’t a China Expert », Foreign Policy, 13 mars. Page consultée sur Internet (https://foreignpolicy.com/2017/03/13/peter-navarro-profile-national-trade-council-donald-trump-china-expert/) le 11 novembre 2020.

Google Scholar

Cottam, Martha, 2020, « Foreign Policy Decision Making in the Trump Administration », dans Stanley A. Renshon et Peter Suefeld (dir.), The Trump Doctrine and the Emerging International System, Cham, Palgrave Macmillan : 129-153.

Google Scholar

Crowley Michael et David E. Sanger, 2020, « Under O’Brien, n.s.c Carries Out Trump’s Policy, but Doesn’t Develop It », The New York Times, 21 février. Page consultée sur Internet (https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/21/us/politics/national-security-council-trump-policy.html) le 27 juin 2021.

Google Scholar

Daalder Ivo H., et Irvin M. Destler, 2009, In the Shadow of the Oval Office: Profiles of the National Security Advisers and the Presidents They Served – From JFK to George W. Bush, New York, Simon & Schuster.

Google Scholar

Dallek Robert, 2013, Camelot’s Court: Inside the Kennedy White House, New York, Harper.

Google Scholar

David Charles-Philippe, 2015, Au sein de la Maison-Blanche. De Truman à Obama, la formulation (imprévisible) de la politique étrangère des États-Unis, Québec, Presses de l’Université Laval.

Google Scholar

David Charles-Philippe, 2020, L’effet Trump. Quel impact sur la politique étrangère des États-Unis ? Montréal, Presses de l’Université de Montréal.

Google Scholar

Davidson Adam, 2016, « Trump’s Muse on u.s. Trade with China », The New Yorker, 12 octobre. Page consultée sur Internet (https://www.newyorker.com/business/currency/trumps-muse-on-u-s-trade-with-china) le 27 juin 2021.

Google Scholar

da Vinha Luis, 2019, « Competition, Conflict, and Conformity: Foreign Policy Making in the First Year of the Trump Presidency », Presidential Studies Quarterly, vol. 49, n^o 2 : 280-309.

Google Scholar

Dickinson Tim, 2020, « The Four Men Responsible For America’s covid-19 Test Disaster », Rolling Stone, 10 mai. Page consultée sur Internet (https://www.rollingstone.com/politics/politics-features/covid-19-test-trump-admin-failed-disaster-995930/) le 27 juin 2021.

Google Scholar

Draper Robert, 2020, « Unwanted Truths : Inside Donald Trump’s Battles with u.s. Intelligence Agencies », The New York Times Magazine, 8 août. Page consultée sur Internet (https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/08/magazine/us-russia-intelligence.html) le 27 juin 2021.

Google Scholar

Drezner Daniel W., 2017, « The Angry Populist as Foreign Policy Leader: Real Change or Just Hot Air? » The Fletcher Forum of World Affairs, vol. 41, n^o 2 : 23-43.

Google Scholar

Drezner Daniel W., 2019, « Present at the Destruction: The Trump Administration and the Foreign Policy Bureaucracy », Journal of Politics, vol. 81, n^o 2 : 723-730.

Google Scholar

Drezner Daniel W., 2020, The Toddler in Chief: What Donald Trump Teaches Us About the Modern Presidency, Chicago, University of Chicago Press.

Google Scholar

Edwards George C. III, 2001, « Why not the best? The loyalty-competence trade-off in presidential appointments », dans G.C. Mackenzie (dir.), Innocent Until Nominated : The Breakdown of the Presidential Appointments Process, Washington, Brookings Institution Press : 81-106.

Google Scholar

Eisenhower Dwight D., 1961, « Farewell Radio and Television Address to the American People », 17 janvier. Page consultée sur Internet (https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/farewell-radio-and-television-address-the-american-people) le 27 juin 2021.

Google Scholar

Engerman David, 2003, « Rethinking Cold War Universities: Some Recent Histories », Journal of Cold War Studies, vol. 5, n^o 3 : 80-95.

Google Scholar

FitzGerald Frances, 2000, Way Out There in the Blue : Reagan, Star Wars and the End of the Cold War, New York, Simon & Schuster.

Google Scholar

Friedman Uri, 2019, « Donald Trump Stars in a North Korean Reality Show », The Atlantic, 13 janvier. Page consultée sur Internet (https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2019/01/trump-kim-summit-turns-reality-show/579583/) le 27 juin 2021.

Google Scholar

Gailmard Sean et John W. Patty, 2013, Learning While Governing: Expertise and Accountability in the Executive Branch, Chicago, University of Chicago Press.

Google Scholar

Gans John, 2019, White House Warriors: How the National Security Council Transformed the American Way of War, New York, Liveright.

Google Scholar

Gans John, 2020a, « Col. Vindman and the Trumpification of the National Security Council », The New York Times, 7 février. Page consultée sur Internet (https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/07/opinion/alexander-vindman-nsc-trump.html) le 27 juin 2021.

Google Scholar

Gans John, 2020b, « How can Trump fight the pandemic when he’s chasing experts out of government? » The Washington Post, 23 mars. Page consultée sur Internet (https://www.washingtonpost.com/outlook/2020/03/23/trump-firing-coronavirus-experts/) le 27 juin 2021.

Google Scholar

Glasser Susan, 2019, « Mike Pompeo, the Secretary of Trump », The New Yorker, 19 août. Page consultée sur Internet (https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2019/08/26/mike-pompeo-the-secretary-of-trump) le 27 juin 2021.

Google Scholar

Glennon Michael J., 2015, National Security and Double Government, New York, Oxford University Press.

Google Scholar

Gronich Lori Helene, 2017, « Expertise and Naïveté in Decision-Making: Theory, History, and the Trump Administration », issf Forum, issf Policy Series, America and the World: 2017 and Beyond, 3 mai. Page consultée sur Internet (https://issforum.org/roundtables/policy/1-5ah-expertise#_ftnref19) le 27 juin 2021.

Google Scholar

Grossman Derek, 2017, « Adapting the President’s Daily Brief to Trump », Texas National Security Review, 6 janvier. Page consultée sur Internet (https://warontherocks.com/2017/01/adapting-the-presidents-daily-brief-to-trump/) le 27 juin 2021.

Google Scholar

Haberman Maggie, 2020, « Trump Has Given Unusual Leeway to Fauci, but Aides Say He’s Losing His Patience », The New York Times, 23 mars. Page consultée sur Internet (https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/23/us/politics/coronavirus-trump-fauci.html) le 27 juin 2021.

Google Scholar

Halperin Morton H. et Priscilla Clapp, 2006, Bureaucratic Politics and Foreign Policy, Washington, Brookings Institution Press.

Google Scholar

Hennessey Susan et Benjamin Wittes, 2020, Unmaking the Presidency: Donald Trump’s War on the World’s Most Powerful Office, New York, Farrar, Straus and Giroux.

Google Scholar

Herbert Jon, Trevor McCrisken et Andrew Wroe, 2019, The Ordinary Presidency of Donald J. Trump, Camden, Palgrave Macmillan.

Google Scholar

Hickey Christopher, Curt Merrill, Richard J. Chang, Kate Sullivan, Janie Boschma et Sean O’Key, 2021, « Here are the executive actions Biden signed in his first 100 days », CNN, 30 avril. Page consultée sur Internet (https://www.cnn.com/interactive/2021/politics/biden-executive-orders/) le 27 juin 2021.

Google Scholar

Hutzler Alexandra, 2018, « Donald Trump Says “Attitude”, Not Preparation, Will Provide Success in Kim Jong Un Summit », Newsweek, 7 juin. Page consultée sur Internet (https://www.newsweek.com/donald-trump-kim-jong-un-965367) le 27 juin 2021.

Google Scholar

Kennedy David, 2016, A World Struggle: How Power, Law, and Expertise Shape Global Political Economy, Princeton, Princeton University Press.

Google Scholar

Krause George A. et Anne Joseph O’Connell, 2019, « Loyalty-Competence Trade-Offs for Top u.s. Federal Bureaucratic Leaders in the Administrative Presidency Era », Presidential Studies Quarterly, vol. 49, n^o 3 : 527-550.

Google Scholar

Kumar Martha Joynt, 2019, « The Contemporary Presidency: Energy or Chaos? Turnover at the Top of President Trump’s White House », Presidential Studies Quarterly, vol. 49, n^o 1 : 219-236.

Google Scholar

Lewis David E., 2008, The Politics of Presidential Appointments: Political Control and Bureaucratic Performance, Princeton, Princeton University Press.

Google Scholar

Lewis David E., Patrick Bernhard et Emily You, 2018, « President Trump as Manager: Reflections on the First Year », Presidential Studies Quarterly, vol. 48, n^o 3 : 480-501.

Google Scholar

Lewis David E. et Mark D. Richardson, 2021, « The Very Best People: President Trump and the Management of Executive Personnel », Presidential Studies Quarterly, vol. 51, n^o 1 : 51-70.

Google Scholar

Macdonald Julia M., 2015, « Eisenhower’s Scientists: Policy Entrepreneurs and the Test-Ban Debate, 1954-1958 », Foreign Policy Analysis, vol. 11, n^o 1 : 1-21.

Google Scholar

Mann James, 2017, « The Adults in the Room », The New York Review of Books, 26 octobre. Page consultée sur Internet (https://www.nybooks.com/articles/2017/10/26/trump-adult-supervision/) le 27 juin 2021.

Google Scholar

Mann Thomas E. et Norman J. Ornstein, 2016, It’s Even Worse Than It Looks: How the American Constitutional System Collided with the New Politics of Extremism, New York, Basic Books.

Google Scholar

Mayer Jeremy D., 2020, « Two Presidents, Two Crises: Bush Wrestles with 9/11, Trump Fumbles covid-19 », Presidential Studies Quarterly, vol. 50, n^o 3 : 629-649.

Google Scholar

McGann James, 2018, Global Trends and Transitions in Security Expertise: From Nuclear Deterrence to Climate Change and Back Again, New York, Routledge.

Google Scholar

McManus Doyle, 2018, « Almost Half of the Top Jobs in Trump’s State Department are Still Empty », The Atlantic, 4 novembre. Page consultée sur Internet (https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2018/11/state-department-empty-ambassador-to-australi/574831/) le 27 juin 2021.

Google Scholar

Moe Terry M., 1985, « The Politicized Presidency », dans J. Chubb et P. Peterson (dir.), The New Direction in American politics, Washington, Brookings Institution : 235-271.

Google Scholar

Moynihan Donald P. et Alasdair S. Roberts, 2010, « The Triumph of Loyalty Over Competence: The Bush Administration and the Exhaustion of the Politicized Presidency », Public Administration Review, vol. 70, n^o 4 : 572-581.

Google Scholar

Newmann William W., 2003, Managing National Security Policy: The President and the Process, Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Press.

Google Scholar

Nichols Tom, 2017, The Death of Expertise: The Campaign Against Established Knowledge and Why it Matters, New York, Oxford University Press.

Google Scholar

Olsen Gorm Rye, 2019, « Donald Trump and “America first”: the road ahead is open », International Politics, septembre. Page consultée sur Internet (https://doi.org/10.1057/s41311-019-00203-w) le 27 juin 2021.

Google Scholar

Partnership for Public Service, 2021, State of Renewal: The Department of State Today, Tomorrow and Beyond, 8 janvier, Washington. Page consultée sur Internet (https://ourpublicservice.org/publications/state-of-renewal-the-department-of-state-today-tomorrow-and-beyond/) le 27 juin 2021.

Google Scholar

Pfiffner James P., 2018, « The Contemporary Presidency: Organizing the Trump Presidency », Presidential Studies Quarterly, vol. 48, n^o 1 : 153-167.

Google Scholar

Porter Patrick, 2018, « Why America’s Grand Strategy Has Not Changed: Power, Habit, and the u.s. Foreign Policy Establishment », International Security, vol. 42, n^o 4 : 9-46.

Google Scholar

Preston Thomas, 2012, « The Role of Leaders in Sequential Decision-Making: Lyndon Johnson, Advisory Dynamics, and Vietnam », dans C.F. Hermann (dir.), When Things Go Wrong: Foreign Policy Decision Making under Adverse Feedback, New York, Routledge : 53-88.

Google Scholar

Rocco Philip, 2017, « The Anti-Analytic Presidency Revisited », The Forum, vol. 15, n^o 2, juillet : 363-378.

Google Scholar

Rucker Philip et Carol Leonnig, 2020, A Very Stable Genius: Donald J. Trump’s Testing of America, New York, Penguin.

Google Scholar

Rutledge Paul E., 2020, « Trump, covid-19, and the War on Expertise », American Review of Public Administration, vol. 50, n^os 6-7 : 505-511.

Google Scholar

Sanger David et Edward Wong, 2019, « How the Trump-Kim Summit Failed: Big Threats, Big Egos, Bad Bets », The New York Times, 2 mars. Page consultée sur Internet (https://www.nytimes.com/2019/03/02/world/asia/trump-kim-jong-un-summit.html) le 27 juin 2021.

Google Scholar

Saunders Elizabeth N., 2017, « No Substitute for Experience: Presidents, Advisers, and Information in Group Decision Making », International Organization, vol. 71, suppl. S1 : S219-S247.

Google Scholar

Sciutto Jim, 2020, The Madman Theory: Trump Takes on the World, New York, Harper.

Google Scholar

Sherman Gabriel, 2020, « “He Can’t Make Any Big Decisions”: As the Crisis Escalates, Trump Experiments with a Pivot », Vanity Fair, 23 mars. Page consultée sur Internet (https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2020/03/as-the-crisis-escalates-trump-experiments-with-a-pivot) le 27 juin 2021.

Google Scholar

Shilts Randy, 1987, And the Band Played On: Politics, People, and the aids Epidemic, New York, St. Martin’s Press.

Google Scholar

Siniver Asaf et Christopher Featherstone, 2020, « Low-Conceptual Complexity and Trump’s Foreign Policy », Global Affairs, vol. 6, n^o 1 : 71-85.

Google Scholar

Skowronek Stephen, John A. Dearborn et Desmond King, 2021, Phantoms of a Beleaguered Republic: The Deep State and The Unitary Executive, New York, Oxford University Press.

Google Scholar

Snead David L., 1999, The Gaither Committee, Eisenhower, and the Cold War, Columbus, Ohio State University Press.

Google Scholar

Sorensen Ted, 2008, Counselor: A Life at the Edge of History, New York, Harper.

Google Scholar

Stern Erik K. et Bengt Sundelius, 1997, « Understanding Small Group Decisions in Foreign Policy: Process Diagnosis and Research Procedures », dans P. ‘t Hart, E.K. Stern et B. Sundelius (dir.), Beyond Groupthink: Political Group Dynamics and Foreign Policy-Making, Ann Arbor, University of Michigan Press : 123-150.

Google Scholar

Sylvan Donald A. et James F. Voss, 1998, Problem Representation in Foreign Policy Decision-Making, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.

Google Scholar

Tenpas Kathryn Dunn, 2020, Tracking turnover in the Trump administration, Washington, The Brooking Institute, octobre. Page consultée sur Internet (https://www.brookings.edu/research/tracking-turnover-in-the-trump-administration/) le 27 juin 2021.

Google Scholar

Tetlock Philip E., 2005, Expert Political Judgment: How Good Is It? How Can We Know? Princeton, Princeton University Press.

Google Scholar

The White House, 2021, « Remarks by President Biden on America’s Place in the World », 4 février. Page consultée sur Internet (https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/speeches-remarks/2021/02/04/remarks-by-president-biden-on-americas-place-in-the-world/) le 27 juin 2021.

Google Scholar

United States Government Accountability Office (gao), 2019, Department of State: Integrated Action Plan Could Enhance Efforts to Reduce Persistent Overseas Foreign Service Vacancies, gao-19-220, 6 mars, Washington. Page consultée sur Internet (https://www.gao.gov/products/gao-19-220) le 27 juin 2021.

Google Scholar

Walt Stephen M., 2018, The Hell of Good Intentions: America’s Foreign Policy Elite and the Decline of u.s. Primacy, New York, Farrar, Straus and Giroux.

Google Scholar

Wojczewski Thorsten, 2020, « Trump, Populism, and American Foreign Policy », Foreign Policy Analysis, vol. 16, n^o 3 : 292-311.

Google Scholar

Wolff Michael, 2018, Fire and Fury: Inside the Trump White House, New York, Holt & Co.

Google Scholar

Woodward Bob, 2010, Obama’s Wars, New York, Simon & Schuster.

Google Scholar

Woodward Bob, 2018, Fear: Trump in the White House, New York, Simon & Schuster.

Google Scholar

Woodward Bob, 2020, Rage, New York, Simon & Schuster.

Google Scholar

Zegart Amy B., 1999, Flawed by Design: The Evolution of the cia, jcs, and nsc, Stanford, Stanford University Press.