Abstracts
Résumé
La DMT (N,N-diméthyltryptamine) est une puissante tryptamine à effet de courte durée qui a gagné en popularité au cours de la dernière décennie, indépendamment de l’ayahuasca, un breuvage visionnaire d’Amazonie dont elle est un des principaux ingrédients actifs. Réputée pour sa capacité à déclencher des expériences extracorporelles et de profondes modifications de la perception sensorielle, de l’humeur et des pensées, elle est devenue l’inspiration de toute une communauté underground d’amateurs louant les vertus « enthéogènes » de la DMT et d’autres psychotropes. S’appuyant sur les témoignages des utilisateurs provenant de sites référentiels en ligne et d’autres sources, le présent article s’attarde à décrire l’évènement de percée (breakthrough event) ou l’hyperespace provoqué par la DMT. Dépeinte comme un évènement de gnose et parfois comparée à une expérience de mort imminente, l’expérience de la DMT est souvent associée à des contacts avec des entités et à des manifestations de communication visuelle. Les récits des voyages dans l’hyperespace mettent en lumière la manifestation fondamentale de la substance et nous aident à comprendre la phénoménologie liminale de la DMT et des autres tryptamines. Les comptes-rendus de ces voyages témoignent d’un processus transitionnel, interne et individualisé. Bien que la transe causée par la DMT soit privée, ses conditions ontologiques sont rapportées publiquement, généralement de manière anonyme, sur des sites comme Erowid et DMT-Nexus. Il s’agit aussi d’explorer ici le rôle d’Internet, moyen d’expression universel, dans la création d’une communauté mondiale d’usagers et d’amateurs de ce psychotrope. La navigation dans le cyberespace, sorte d’hyperespace numérique, s’apparente au phénomène de désincarnation propre au « voyage » dans l’hyperespace induit par la DMT. Or, l’ontologie liminale de cet hyperespace est bien plus qu’une simulation ou une réalité virtuelle. Les usagers la considèrent comme une expérience de transformation personnelle authentique. Par analogie, voyages, passages et transitions qui émaillent ces récits relèvent d’une rhétorique méta-ritualisée. Cet article se veut donc une discussion exploratoire sur ce phénomène peu documenté, et aborde l’hyperespace à partir des trois formes de transition qui caractérisent sa phénoménologie méta-ritualisée.
Mots-clés :
- DMT,
- enthéogène,
- hyperespace,
- rituel,
- liminalité,
- cyberespace
Abstract
DMT (N,N-dimethyltryptamine) is a potent short-lasting tryptamine with growing appeal in the last decade, independent from ayahuasca, the Amazonian visionary brew of which it is an integral ingredient. Known to effect out-of-body states, and to produce profound changes in sensory perception, mood and thought, DMT has inspired an underground community of enthusiasts who typically embrace the “entheogenic” propensities of this and other compounds. Drawing upon user-reports posted in online repositories and other sources the article focuses on the “breakthrough” event associated with the DMT experience. Likened to a gnosis event, and sometimes compared with a near-death experience, the DMT breakthrough potentiates significant outcomes associated with perceived contact with “entities” and the transmission of information often in the form of visual language. The breakthrough gnosis offers insight on the liminal phenomenology of DMT and other tryptamines, given primary expression in reported travels in “hyperspace.” User-reports of DMT hyperspace evince a transitional process that is individualised, internal, and “ritual like.” While private, the ontological conditions of the DMT trance are shared publically, albeit typically anonymously, by way of experiential (or “trip”) report posted on the Internet (e.g. Erowid and DMT-Nexus). As the Internet provides a transnational homeland and means of expression for this user-community, the article explores its pivotal role in the formation of a global community of practitioners and enthusiasts. While cyberspace (digital hyperspace) possesses a quality of disembodiment informing the experience of DMT hyperspace, rather than mere simulation, or “virtual reality,” the liminal ontology of DMT space is recognised by practitioners as transpersonally authentic. Adopting tropes of travel, passage and transition, these experiential reports comprise a meta-ritual rhetoric. As an exploratory discussion of an under-researched phenomenon, the article unpacks “hyperspace” by way of three forms of transmission characterising its meta-ritualised phenomenology.
Keywords:
- DMT,
- entheogen,
- hyperspace,
- ritual,
- liminality,
- cyberspace
Resumen
La DMT (N, N-dimetiltriptamina) es una triptamina poderosa que ha ganado popularidad durante la última década, independientemente de la ayahuasca, un brebaje generador de visiones de Amazonia, del cual la DMT es uno de los principales ingredientes activos. Reconocida por su capacidad de producir experiencias extra corporales y profundas modificaciones de la percepción sensorial, del humor y de los pensamientos, se ha transformado en la inspiración de toda una comunidad de aficionados underground que alaban las virtudes “enteógenas” de la DMT y de otros psicotrópicos. Apoyándose en los testimonios de usuarios provenientes de sitios de referencia en línea y otros recursos, este artículo se detiene a analizar el acontecimiento que abrió una brecha (breakthrough event) o el hiperespacio provocado por la DMT. Descrito como un hecho de gnosis y comparado a veces con la experiencia de una muerte inminente, la experiencia de la DMT se asocia a menudo con contactos con entidades y manifestaciones de comunicación visual. Los relatos de viajes en el hiperespacio ponen en claro la manifestación fundamental de la sustancia y nos ayudan a comprender la fenomenología liminal de la DMT y de las otras triptaminas. Los informes de estos viajes dan cuenta de un proceso de transición, interno e individualizado. Si bien el trance ocasionado por la DMT es privado, sus condiciones ontológicas se comunican de manera pública, en general anónimamente, en sitios como Erowid y DMT.Nexus. Se trata también de explorar el papel de Internet, medio de expresión universal, en la creación de una comunidad mundial de usuarios y de aficionados a este psicotrópico. La navegación en el ciberespacio, una especie de hiperspacio digital, se asemeja al fenómeno de desencarnación propia de un “viaje” en el hiperespacio inducido por la DMT. Ahora bien, la ontología liminal de este hiperespacio es mucho más que una simulación o una realidad virtual. Los usuarios la consideran como una experiencia de transformación personal auténtica. Por analogía, los viajes, pasajes y transiciones que salpican estos relatos dependen de una retórica meta-ritualizada. Este artículo se ofrece entonces como un análisis exploratorio de este fenómeno poco documentado y aborda el hiperespacio a partir de tres formas de transición que caracterizan su fenomenología meta-ritualizada.
Palabras clave:
- DMT,
- enteógeno,
- hiperespacio,
- ritual,
- liminalidad,
- ciberespacio
Appendices
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