Abstracts
Résumé
La littérature concernant les jeux de hasard et d’argent ainsi que la présence de problèmes de jeu chez les jeunes indique que 80 % des moins de 18 ans ont joué au moins une fois à un jeu de hasard et d’argent au cours de leur vie. Bien que la plupart de ces jeunes joueurs ne développeront pas de problème de jeu au cours de leur adolescence ou de leur vie adulte, certains développeront un tel problème. Il est donc important d’informer les jeunes concernant la pratique des jeux de hasard et d’argent afin de prévenir le développement d’éventuels problèmes et de s’assurer que le jeu demeure un jeu. Les informations transmises peuvent être incluses dans des activités de prévention visant à démystifier les pensées erronées qui pourraient se développer en jouant, à mieux connaître les conséquences liées au jeu excessif de même que ce qu’il convient de faire lors de l’apparition d’une participation plus intense au jeu, les ressources d’aide disponibles, etc. Comme l’ensemble de ces informations de même que plusieurs autres peuvent être incluses dans un programme de prévention s’adressant aux jeunes, il est important que le contenu de l’intervention soit adapté à la clientèle ciblée par celle-ci. Cet article présente trois approches préventives (universelle, sélective, indiquée) et donne aussi des exemples de programmes de prévention du jeu s’étant avérés efficaces auprès des jeunes. L’article souligne, de plus, l’importance d’évaluer l’efficacité de ces mesures préventives pour garantir leur impact positif sur les comportements de jeu des jeunes.
Mots-clés :
- jeune,
- adolescent,
- prévention,
- évaluation,
- jeux de hasard et d’argent,
- problème de jeu,
- jeu pathologique,
- facteurs de risque
Abstract
The research literature concerning gambling and pathological/problem gambling among youths clearly states that 80 % of youths have gambled at least once in their live. It is also well known that not all young gamblers will develop a gambling problem during their teens or their adulthood. Most of them will stay recreational gamblers and never suffer any negative consequences from their gambling participation. However, in order to ascertain that, it is important that youths receive information about the erroneous beliefs they could develop while gambling, the consequences of excessive gambling, what to do if they develop a gambling problem, what are the resources available to help them and so on. Like all those information and many more could be included in preventive intervention targeting youths, it is important to select the type of intervention that will better fit the population targeted. This paper presents three preventive approaches (universal, selective and indicated) and gives examples of efficient gambling preventive interventions used with youths. It also emphasizes the importance to evaluate the effectiveness of preventive interventions in order to make sure that they will have positive effects on youths’ gambling behaviors.
Keywords:
- youth,
- adolescent,
- prevention,
- evaluation,
- gambling,
- pathological gambling,
- problem gambling,
- risk factors
Resumen
La bibliografía concerniente a los juegos de azar y de dinero, así como la presencia de problemas de juego en los jóvenes, indica que el 80 % de los menores de 18 años han jugado por lo menos una vez a un juego de azar y de dinero en el curso de su vida. Si bien la mayor parte de estos jóvenes jugadores no desarrollarán problemas de juego durante su adolescencia y su vida adulta, algunos sin embargo manifestarán dichos problemas. Es por lo tanto importante informar a los jóvenes sobre la práctica de juegos de azar y de dinero a fin de prevenir el desarrollo de problemas eventuales y asegurarse que el juego siga siendo un juego. Las informaciones transmitidas pueden incluirse en las actividades de prevención destinadas a desmitificar las ideas erróneas que podrían desarrollarse jugando, a conocer mejor las consecuencias del juego excesivo y lo que conviene hacer cuando se produce una participación más intensa en el juego, los recursos y ayudas disponibles, etc. Como el conjunto de estas informaciones, así como muchas otras, pueden incluirse en un programa de prevención dirigido a los jóvenes, es importante que el contenido de la intervención se adapte a la clientela a la que está destinada. Este artículo presenta tres enfoques preventivos (universal, selectivo e indicado) y brinda también ejemplos de programas de prevención del juego que se revelaron eficaces entre los jóvenes. El artículo subraya, además, la importancia de evaluar la eficacia de estas medidas preventivas para garantizar su impacto positivo sobre los comportamientos de juego de los jóvenes.
Palabras clave:
- joven,
- adolescente,
- prevención,
- evaluación,
- juego de azar y de dinero,
- problemas de juego,
- juego patológico,
- factores de riesgo
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Appendices
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