Abstracts
Résumé
Au XXe siècle, on estime à 100 millions le nombre de décès prématurés qui ont été causés par le tabagisme. Si la consommation de cigarettes ne cesse pas, un milliard de personnes perdront prématurément la vie au cours du présent siècle. L’objet de cet article est de réviser les moyens adoptés pour enrayer la promotion commerciale des produits de tabac et les mesures visant à réduire leur consommation. Maintenant que des moyens capables de contenir la diffusion de la toxicomanie à la nicotine dans la population ont été développés, le moment est venu d’envisager l’éradication de cette maladie. Les éléments connus de l’histoire naturelle de la toxicomanie à la nicotine, connaissances acquises dans les pays où l’épidémie est survenue en premier lieu, permettent de conclure qu’il est dorénavant possible d’envisager un monde libéré de toute dépendance au tabac. Pour la santé publique et ses artisans, de la possibilité d’éradiquer une maladie découle naturellement l’obligation de la réaliser.
Mots-clés:
- tabac,
- cigarette,
- tabagisme,
- toxicomanie à la nicotine,
- santé,
- mortalité prématurée,
- morbidité
Abstract
It has been estimated that, during the 20th century, 100 million premature deaths were caused by tobacco use. If the consumption of cigarettes does not cease, a billion people will die prematurely over the present century. The objective of this article is to review the means adopted to wipe out the commercial promotion of tobacco products, and measures designed to reduce their consumption. Now that ways of containing the spread of nicotine addiction in the population have been developed, the time has come to consider eradicating this disease. The established elements of the natural history of nicotine addiction and knowledge acquired in countries where the epidemic first took place, allow us to conclude that we could now envisage a world free from all tobacco addiction. For public health and its promoters, the possibility of eradicating a disease naturally creates an obligation to do so.
Keywords:
- Tobacco,
- Cigarette,
- tobacco use,
- nicotine addiction,
- health,
- premature death,
- morbidity
Resumen
Se estima que durante el siglo XX se produjeron 100 millones de muertes prematuras causadas por el tabaquismo. Si el consumo de cigarrillos no cesa, mil millones de personas perderán la vida prematuramente durante el siglo en curso. Este artículo se propone revisar los medios adoptados para eliminar la promoción comercial de los productos del tabaco y las medidas destinadas a reducir su consumo. Habiéndose desarrollado en la actualidad los medios capaces de contener la difusión de la toxicomanía por la nicotina en la población, ha llegado el momento de enfrentar la erradicación de esta enfermedad. Los elementos conocidos de la historia natural de la toxicomanía por la nicotina, conocimientos adquiridos en los países en los que la epidemia apareció en primer lugar, permiten concluir que, en adelante, es posible concebir un mundo libre de toda dependencia del tabaco. Para la salud pública y quienes trabajan es este campo, la posibilidad de erradicar una enfermedad implica, naturalmente, la obligación de hacerlo.
Palabras clave:
- Tabaco,
- Cigarrillo,
- Tabaquismo,
- toxicomanía por nicotina,
- salud,
- mortalidad prematura,
- morbididad
Appendices
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