Abstracts
Abstract
The Safe Streets Act of Ontario [SSA] ostensibly regulates aggressive panhandling, but is widely regarded as a contemporary vagrancy law that criminalizes people experiencing homelessness. This paper presents a case study of the SSA in which an ideological analysis is employed to highlight the extent to which dominant political paradigms shape conceptions of social problems and their appropriate remedies. Specifically, it explores the mechanisms inherent to neoconservative ideology which serve to blame individuals for their problems and construct vulnerable people in need of support as villains worthy of exclusion and punishment, rationalizing punitive responses to poverty. This approach is diametrically opposed to the aims of structural social work and therefore must be challenged. An alternative policy response is presented as it might emerge from a social democratic worldview, which is more congruent with social work ideals. This paper thus illustrates how radically the nature of social problems is transformed when viewed through contrasting ideological lenses. The paper concludes that there is great value in using political paradigms to unpack existing and create new policy in the context of structural social work mandates; doing so contributes to the paradigm shift that a profession committed to fundamental social change must help ignite.
Keywords:
- homelessness,
- criminalization,
- neoliberal welfare state,
- social democracy,
- social policy analysis,
- critical social work
Résumé
La Loi sur la sécurité dans les rues de l’Ontario réglemente ostensiblement la mendicité agressive, mais elle est largement considérée comme une loi contemporaine sur le vagabondage qui criminalise les personnes sans-abri. Cet article présente une étude de cas de la Loi sur la sécurité dans les rues employant une analyse idéologique pour souligner la mesure dans laquelle les paradigmes politiques dominants façonnent les conceptions des problèmes sociaux et les moyens appropriés pour y remédier. Plus précisément, il explore les mécanismes inhérents à l’idéologie néoconservatrice qui servent à blâmer les individus pour leurs problèmes et à présenter les personnes vulnérables ayant besoin d’aide comme des vilains méritant l’exclusion et des sanctions, rationalisant ainsi les interventions répressives en réponse à la pauvreté. Cette approche est diamétralement opposée aux objectifs du travail social structurel et doit donc être remise en question. Une réponse politique alternative est présentée, telle qu’elle pourrait émerger d’une vision sociale-démocrate du monde, plus conforme aux idéaux du travail social. Ce document illustre donc la transformation radicale de la nature des problèmes sociaux lorsqu’ils sont vus à travers des lentilles idéologiques opposées. L’article conclut à l’utilité des paradigmes politiques pour décortiquer les politiques existantes et en créer de nouvelles en respectant les mandats structurels du travail social; cela contribue à un changement de paradigme qu’une profession engagée dans le changement social doit contribuer à déclencher.
Mots-clés :
- itinérance,
- criminalisation,
- État-Providence néolibéral,
- démocratie sociale,
- analyse de politique sociale,
- travail social critique
Appendices
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