Abstracts
Résumé
Nos connaissances scientifiques sur les relations police-communauté en milieux ruraux et éloignés sont limitées. L’article a pour objectif de clarifier ces connaissances en examinant les variations sur le plan de la satisfaction des citoyens envers la police à travers un continuum urbain-rural-éloigné. En utilisant la théorie de la structuration, nous envisageons, dans cette recherche, que le contexte des communautés rurales et éloignées apporte des contraintes et permet des pratiques policières différentes de celles de leurs collègues en milieux urbains, engendrant des variations quant aux perceptions des citoyens de la police. Grâce au recours aux données de l’Enquête sociale générale de 2014, les résultats suggèrent qu’il existe effectivement des variations importantes en fonction du lieu où les gens habitent. Particulièrement, la satisfaction des citoyens en matière de rendement décline avec l’isolement géographique des communautés rurales et éloignées comparativement aux communautés urbaines. Plus encore, la satisfaction des citoyens quant aux compétences interpersonnelles des policiers est plus élevée dans les communautés rurales comparativement aux régions urbaines. Toutefois, elle décline avec l’isolement géographique des communautés éloignées. Ces résultats contribuent à l’information nécessaire au développement de politiques publiques et de pratiques policières ayant le potentiel d’améliorer les relations police-communauté.
Mots-clés :
- Relations police-citoyens,
- régions rurales,
- isolement géographique,
- satisfaction,
- théorie de la structuration
Abstract
Scientific knowledge about police-community relations in rural and remote areas is limited. This paper adds to this knowledge by examining variations in levels of citizen satisfaction with the police across an urban-rural-remote continuum. Using the concepts of structuration theory, I argue that the context of rural and remote communities both restricts and encourages police practises that are different from those used by their urban counterpart and lead to variations in citizen’s perceptions of the police. Based on data from the 2014 General Social Survey (Statistics Canada), my analysis suggests that there are important variations in levels of satisfaction with the police linked to where individuals live. Those in rural communities are more likely to be satisfied with police performance and with their relations with police than those in urban regions, although the level of satisfaction declines as communities become increasingly geographically isolated. These results provide helpful information for developing public policies and police practises that will improve police-community relations.
Keywords:
- Police-citizen relations,
- rural regions,
- geographical isolation,
- satisfaction,
- theory of structuration
Resumen
Nuestros conocimientos científicos sobre las relaciones entre la policía y la comunidad en las zonas rurales y remotas son limitados. Este artículo pretende contribuir a la expansión de dicho conocimiento examinando las variaciones en la satisfacción de los ciudadanos con la policía a través de un continuo urbano-rural-remoto. Utilizando la teoría de la estructuración, esta investigación sostiene que el contexto de las comunidades rurales y remotas comporta una serie de limitaciones y permite prácticas policiales diferentes a las de sus homólogas urbanas, lo que da lugar a variaciones en la percepción que los ciudadanos tienen de la policía. Utilizando datos de la Encuesta Social General de 2014, los resultados sugieren que, efectivamente, existen variaciones significativas en función del lugar de residencia. En particular, la satisfacción de los ciudadanos con el rendimiento disminuye con el aislamiento geográfico de las comunidades rurales y remotas en comparación con las comunidades urbanas. Además, la satisfacción de los ciudadanos en lo que a las habilidades interpersonales de la policía se refiere es mayor en las comunidades rurales que en las zonas urbanas. Sin embargo, el nivel de satisfacción disminuye con el aislamiento geográfico de las comunidades remotas. Estos resultados proporcionan información necesaria para desarrollar políticas públicas y prácticas policiales que tengan el potencial de mejorar las relaciones entre la policía y la comunidad.
Palabras clave:
- Relaciones policía-comunidad,
- regiones rurales,
- aislamiento geográfico,
- satisfacción,
- teoría de la estructuración
Appendices
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