Abstracts
Résumé
Cet article propose une introduction générale à la criminologie environnementale et à l’étude du crime environnemental. Il examine l’émergence de cette approche, les concepts clés, les questions empiriques et les enjeux susceptibles d’être abordés dans les futurs travaux dans ce domaine. L’article s’intéresse entre autres à l’écojustice (relative à des types spécifiques de victimisation environnementale) et à l’écocide (liée à la criminalisation du dommage environnemental). Les transgressions touchant les humains, les écosystèmes et les espèces non humaines offrent un cadre général de discussion des types spécifiques de crimes et de dommages, de la pêche illégale à la pollution contribuant au réchauffement climatique. Une analyse rétrospective et un tour d’horizon permettent de tracer les grandes lignes conceptuelles, passées et présentes, de la criminologie environnementale.
Mots-clés :
- Criminologie environnementale,
- crime environnemental,
- écojustice,
- écocide,
- changement climatique
Abstract
This article provides a broad introduction to green criminology and the study of environmental crime. It discusses the emergence of this approach, its key concepts and empirical concerns, and the issues likely to feature in future work in this area. Among the topics discussed are eco-justice (related to specific types of environmental victimization) and ecocide (pertaining to the criminalization of environmental harm). Transgressions against humans, eco-systems, and nonhuman animals provide an overarching framework within which to discuss specific types of crimes and harms, from illegal fishing to pollution that contributes to global warming. Retrospective analysis and environmental horizon scanning are used to describe the broad conceptual contours of green criminology, past and present.
Keywords:
- Green criminology,
- environmental crime,
- eco-justice,
- ecocide,
- climate change
Resumen
El presente artículo propone una introducción general a la criminología medioambiental y al estudio de los delitos ambientales. Se examina la emergencia de dicho enfoque, los conceptos claves, las cuestiones empíricas y aquéllas susceptibles de ser abordadas en futuros trabajos en dicho campo. El artículo se centra en la eco-justicia (relativa a tipos específicos de victimización medioambiental) y en el ecocidio (en relación a la criminalización del daño ambiental). Las transgresiones que afectan, a los seres humanos, a los ecosistemas y a las especies no humanas, ofrecen un marco general para la discusión de tipos específicos de crímenes y de daños, que abarcan desde la pesca ilegal hasta la contaminación que contribuye al calentamiento global. Un análisis retrospectivo y una visión de conjunto, permiten trazar las grandes líneas conceptuales, pasadas y presentes, de la criminología medioambiental.
Palabras clave:
- Criminología medioambiental,
- delito ambiental,
- ecojusticia,
- ecocidio,
- cambio climático
Appendices
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