Abstracts
Abstract
Libraries have benefitted from the extraction of Indigenous Knowledges and cultural materials through which they have sought to complete collections. This has led Indigenous communities to distrust of research and research institutions, recognizing the deep harms and exploitation of these research practices. This article undertakes a case study of the book The Sacred Scrolls of the Southern Ojibway to reveal the ways in which extractive research, publishing, and collections practices are known to Indigenous communities and are refused by them. This discussion pursues the publication and collections history of this book through the framework of refusal, an Indigenous feminist practice that asserts Indigenous Sovereignty and care practices over Knowledge. Refusal should be viewed as a generative space (Tuck and Yang 2014a) and should be taken as an invitation for libraries to question and critically evaluate the very foundational principles of our profession and practices. This article challenges three deeply held library assumptions that are revealed through refusal: (1) that extraction is inevitable, (2) that the library is the only appropriate place to steward materials, and (3) that communities should be invested in the future of the library. The call to reconceptualize extraction through refusal is essential: libraries that do not strive to be reciprocal and transformational in their relationships with Indigenous peoples will only serve as a barrier to Indigenous resurgence. Instead, we must reconceptualize librarianship practices toward a liberatory practice.
Keywords:
- Indigenous feminisms,
- library collections,
- refusal
Résumé
Les bibliothèques ont bénéficié de l'extraction des savoirs autochtones et des matériaux culturels à travers lesquels elles ont cherché à compléter leurs collections. Cela a conduit les communautés autochtones à se méfier de la recherche et des institutions de recherche, reconnaissant les méfaits profonds et l'exploitation de ces pratiques de recherche. Cet article entreprend une étude de cas du livre The Sacred Scrolls of the Southern Ojibway afin de révéler les façons dont la recherche et l'édition extractives, et les pratiques de collecte sont connues des communautés autochtones et refusées par elles. Cette discussion poursuit l'histoire de la publication et des collections de ce livre à travers le cadre du refus, une pratique féministe autochtone qui affirme la souveraineté autochtone et les pratiques de soins sur le savoir. Le refus doit être considéré comme un espace génératif (Tuck et Yang 2014a) et doit être perçus comme une invitation pour les bibliothèques à remettre en question et à évaluer de manière critique les principes fondamentaux de notre profession et de nos pratiques. Cet article remet en question trois hypothèses profondément ancrées dans les bibliothèques qui sont révélées par le refus : (1) que l'extraction est inévitable, (2) que la bibliothèque est le seul endroit approprié pour gérer les documents, et (3) que les communautés devraient être investies dans l'avenir de la bibliothèque. L'appel à reconceptualiser l'extraction par le refus est essentiel : les bibliothèques qui ne s'efforcent pas d'être réciproques et transformationnelles dans leurs relations avec les peuples autochtones ne feront que constituer un obstacle à la résurgence autochtone. Au lieu de cela, nous devons reconceptualiser les pratiques en bibliothéconomie vers une pratique libératrice.
Mots-clés :
- collections de bibliothèques,
- féminismes autochtones,
- refus
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Appendices
Biographical note
Desmond is a Chinese-Canadian settler living in Mississauga of the Credit River Territory (Toronto) and works with Indigenous students, faculty and staff at the University of Toronto Libraries. He is interested in solidarity and relational accountability between Asian diaspora and other Black, Indigenous and Communities of Colour. He believes that working towards Land Back and Indigenous Nationhoods is the only way to be in good relations on these Lands and to work towards collective liberation.
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