Abstracts
Résumé
À travers une analyse de l’utilisation de la notion de « marché », l’article se propose de documenter la manière dont les anthropologues ont construit les notions de socialisme et de postsocialisme. Il montre que les études analysées ont recours à une vision du marché qui reste largement essentialiste, anhistorique, et insensible aux rapports de pouvoir qui participent à la construction sociale de cette forme d’échange. L’article avance que c’est seulement en prenant en compte les agents et les rapports de pouvoir courants que l’on peut sortir de la question de l’ordre qui semble hanter ces analyses, et ainsi entamer une véritable étude du changement qui traverse la période postsocialiste.
Mots-clés:
- Stan,
- marché,
- plan,
- socialisme,
- postsocialisme
Abstract
Based on the analysis of the manner in which the notion of « the market » is being used, the article aims to document the way in which anthropologists have constructed the notions of socialism and post-socialism. It shows that the analysed studies have recourse to a vision of the market which remains largely essentialist, a-historical and insensible to the power relations which take part in the social construction of this form of exchange. The article argues that it is only by taking into account the current agents and power relations that we can go beyond the question of the social order which seems to haunt these analyses, and thus begin to develop a true study of the change taking place in the post-socialist period.
Keywords:
- Stan,
- market,
- plan,
- socialism,
- post-socialism
Resumen
Mediante el análisis del empleo de la noción de «mercado», el artículo se propone documentar la manera en la cual los antropólogos han construido las nociones de socialismo y de post-socialismo. Se muestra que los estudios analizados recurren a una visión del mercado mayoritariamente esencialista, ahistórica e insensible a las relaciones de poder que intervienen en la construcción social de ésta forma de intercambio. El artículo propone que solamente cuando se toman en cuenta los agentes y las relaciones de poder cotidianas, se puede rebasar la cuestión del orden que parece obseder dichos análisis y así comenzar un verdadero estudio del cambio por el que atraviesa el periodo post-socialista.
Palabras clave:
- Stan,
- mercado,
- plan,
- socialismo,
- post-socialismo
Appendices
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