Abstracts
Abstract
Originally given in the form of two lectures at the Musée du quai Branly, this essay explores the often fraught politica of repatriation in a Canadian context. It suggests that we have moved into an era in which repatriation, understood in this alternate sense as the decentring of settler museum authority and the recognition of Indigenous sovereign rights, is simply unavoidable. This is not just about a “reckoning” with prior histories of colonial appropriation. Rather, it is a recognition of the fact that the structures of settler colonialism themselves are shifting (cf: Kauanui 2016), and museums in such contexts will need to engage with the idea of repatriation as such, as a social phenomenon that entails transformation over the longue durée instead of a set of individual, case by case incidents. Drawing on the author’s experiences as an anthropologist and a curator working with Indigenous Nations on the Northwest Coast of what is now called Canada, the essay ultimately argues that museums will arrive at stronger, more productive relationships with First Peoples by accepting the ongoing reality of repatriations. Indeed, it suggests that it is only through collaboration that genuinely decentres museum authority and foregrounds Indigenous sovereignty that museums will be able to develop genuinely future-oriented and responsible practices.
Keywords:
- Repatriation,
- museum anthropology,
- sovereignty and Indigenous rights,
- cosmopolitics,
- settler colonialism
Résumé
Donné à l’origine sous la forme de deux conférences au Musée du quai Branly, cet essai explore la politique souvent lourde du rapatriement dans un contexte canadien. Cela suggère que nous sommes entrés dans une ère où le rapatriement, compris dans ce sens alternatif comme le décentrage de l’autorité muséale des colons et la reconnaissance des droits souverains autochtones, est tout simplement inévitable. Il ne s’agit pas seulement d’un « compte » des histoires antérieures d’appropriation coloniale mais plutôt d’une reconnaissance du fait que les structures du colonialisme des colons elles-mêmes sont en train de changer (Kauanui 2016) et que les musées, dans de tels contextes, devront s’engager dans l’idée du rapatriement en tant que tel, en tant que phénomène social qui implique une transformation de longue durée au lieu d’un ensemble d’incidents individuels, au cas par cas. S’appuyant sur les expériences de l’auteur en tant qu’anthropologue et conservateur travaillant avec les Nations autochtones de la Côte Nord-Ouest, de ce qu’on appelle maintenant le Canada, l’essai soutient finalement que les musées parviendront à des relations plus solides et plus productives avec les Premiers Peuples en acceptant la réalité actuelle des rapatriements. En effet, cela suggère que ce n’est que grâce à la collaboration qui décentre véritablement l’autorité muséale et met en avant la souveraineté autochtone que les musées pourront développer des pratiques véritablement tournées vers l’avenir et responsables.
Mots-clés :
- Rapatriement,
- anthropologie des musées,
- souveraineté et droits des autochtones,
- cosmopolitiques,
- colonialisme de peuplement
Appendices
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