Abstracts
Abstract
Bimodal igneous suites and associated immature clastic sedimentary rocks are characteristic of many orogenic gold-mineralized, crustal-scale fault zones globally. In the central Newfoundland Appalachian orogen, the Rogerson Lake Conglomerate belt and Botwood basin are Late Silurian (Wenlock to Pridoli), fault-controlled sedimentary rock sequences and magmatic suites closely associated with orogenic gold mineralization; however, the spatio-temporal evolution of faulting and associated sedimentation and magmatism are not fully resolved. U–Pb zircon geochronological results were obtained by using an integrated approach employing LA-ICPMS (laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry) followed by CA-ID-TIMS (chemical abrasion-isotope dilution-thermal ionization mass spectrometry) on the same detrital samples. Using this approach, a maximum depositional age for sedimentary rocks of the Rogerson Lake Conglomerate sequence is 421.9 ± 1.0 Ma (Pridoli), which confirms that they are younger than, and stratigraphically overlie, ca. 422–420 Ma igneous rocks exposed along the central Newfoundland gold belt. Towards the stratigraphic middle of the Botwood basin in north-central Newfoundland, a tuffite layer intercalated with graded siltstone produced a maximum depositional age of 427.9 ± 3.1 Ma (Wenlock; Homerian). The age of emplacement of an autobrecciated, flow-banded rhyolite dome of the Charles Lake volcanic belt along the northwestern Botwood basin is 429.3 ± 0.7 Ma (Wenlock; Homerian). The high-precision CA-ID-TIMS zircon data establish a clear link between Wenlock to Pridoli magmatism and sedimentation throughout central Newfoundland. Furthermore, these geochronological results are consistent with a structural model involving the southeastward (present-day coordinates) advancement of a transient extensional fault system across strike of the Exploits Subzone between ca. 429 and 418 Ma, with propagation along strike to the southwest (Rogerson Lake Conglomerate belt) between ca. 422 and 418 Ma. Extensional faulting may have contributed to basin formation, subsidence, and exhumation of pre-Late Silurian rocks of the Exploits Subzone. Time-transgressive, extension-related magmatism and clastic sedimentation appear to mark the transition between the Salinic and Acadian orogenic cycles along the central Newfoundland gold belt. Transient Wenlock to Pridoli lithospheric extension may have been important for increasing heat and fluid flow in the crust as a prelude to Devonian crustal thickening, fluid focussing, and orogenic gold mineralization.
Résumé
Les suites ignées bimodales et les roches sédimentaires clastiques immatures connexes sont caractéristiques de nombreuses zones faillées d’échelle crustale à minéralisation aurifère orogénique à l’échelle planétaire. Dans l’orogenèse appalachienne du centre de Terre-Neuve, la ceinture du conglomérat du lac Rogerson et le bassin de Botwood sont des suites magmatiques contrôlées par des failles et des séquences de roches sédimentaires du Silurien tardif (du Wenlock au Pridoli), étroitement associées à une minéralisation aurifère orogénique; l’évolution spatio-temporelle de la déformation par failles et le magmatisme ainsi que la sédimentation connexe n’ont toutefois pas été tout à fait résolus. On a obtenu des résultats géochronologiques U–Pb sur zircon au moyen d’une approche intégrée employant l’ablation par laser et la spectrométrie de masse avec plasma à couplage inductif (LA-ICPMS), suivies d’une analyse par abrasion chimique, par dilution isotopique et par spectrométrie de masse à thermoionisation (CA-ID-TIMS) des mêmes échantillons détritiques. Selon cette approche, l’âge maximal de sédimentation de la séquence de conglomérat du lac Rogerson est de 421,9 ± 1,0 Ma (Pridoli), ce qui confirme qu’elle est plus récente et qu’elle recouvre stratigraphiquement les roches ignées d’environ 422 à 420 Ma affleurant le long de la ceinture aurifère du centre de Terre-Neuve. Vers le milieu stratigraphique du bassin de Botwood dans le centre-nord de Terre-Neuve, une couche de tuffite interlitée de siltite granoclassée a produit un âge de sédimentation maximal de 427,9 ± 3,1 Ma (Wenlock, Homérien). L’âge de mise en place d’un dôme de rhyolite à rubanement de coulée, autobréchifié, de la ceinture volcanique du lac Charles le long du nord-ouest du bassin de Botwood est de 429,3 ± 0,7 Ma (Wenlock, Homérien). Les données de datation sur zircon par CA-ID-TIMS haute précision établissent un lien clair entre le magmatisme du Wenlock au Pridoli et la sédimentation partout dans le centre de Terre-Neuve. De plus, ces résultats chronologiques correspondent à un modèle structural présumant un avancement vers le sud-est (coordonnées actuelles) d’un système de failles d’extension transitoire en travers de l’orientation longitudinale de la sous-zone Exploits entre environ 429 et 418 Ma, avec une propagation le long de l’axe longitudinal vers le sud-ouest (ceinture du conglomérat du lac Rogerson) entre 422 et 418 Ma. La déformation par failles d’extension pourrait avoir contribué à la formation du bassin, à l’affaissement et à l’exhumation des roches préalables au Silurien tardif de la sous-zone Exploits. Le magmatisme apparenté à l’extension, transgressif au fil du temps, et la sédimentation clastique semblent marquer la transition entre les cycles orogénique, salinique et acadien le long de la ceinture aurifère du centre de Terre-Neuve. L’extension lithosphérique transitoire du Wenlock au Pridoli pourrait s’être avérée importante pour accroître la chaleur et la circulation des fluides dans la croûte en guise de prélude à l’épaississement de la croûte, à la concentration des fluides et à la minéralisation aurifère orogénique du Dévonien.
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