Volume 30, Number 3, November 1994
Table of contents (8 articles)
Articles
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The Noggin Cove Formation: a Middle Ordovician back-arc basin deposit in northeastern Newfoundland
D. H. Johnston, H. Williams and K. L. Currie
pp. 183–194
AbstractEN:
The Noggin Cove Formation is the largest volcanic unit of the eastern Exploits Subzone. It is approximately 1 km thick and consists mainly of stratified mafic volcaniclastic rocks with subordinate pillowed basalt and Mack shale. Stratigraphtc relationships and regional correlations indicate a Middle Ordovician age. The Carmanvillc Melange and the distinctive Woody Island formation, with coticule layers and olistostromes, occur along the northern margin of the Noggin Cove Forma tion, and the formation is faulted against siltstone and shale of the Davidsvilte Group along its southern margin.
The Noggin Cove Formation underwent three periods of deformation: (1) Dj, early recumbent Fj folding; (2) T>2> northeast-trending tight to isoclinal F2 folding with pervasive axial planar cleavage (S2); and (3) D3, open east-plunging F3 folding of the regional S2 cleavage. Regional greenschist facies metamorphism was locally followed by contact mctamor-phism related to intrusion of the Siluro-Devonian Frederickton, Rocky Bay and Aspen Cove plutons.
Facies distribution, ubiquitous vesicular clasts, and the volume of monomictic volcaniclastic rocks imply that the Nog gin Cove Formation is an erosional marine volcaniclastic apron built up to the south of a shallow marine to subaerial evolving volcanic source. Back-arc geochemical affinities, coupled with lithology and stratigraphy, indicate a back-arc basin paleotectonic setting.
FR:
La formation de Noggin Cove est 1'unite volcanique la plus importante de la sous-zone orientate d'Exploits. Elle a environ 1 km d'epaisseur et est principalement constitute de roches volcanoclastiques mafiques a Pinterieur d'ampdite et de basaltc en coussinets sous-jacents. Les rapports stratigraphiques et les correlations regionalcs r6velent qu'elle remonte a 1'Ordovicien moyen. Le melange Carmanvillc et la formation caracteristique de Woody Island, pourvus de couches de coticules et d'olitostromes, apparaissent le long de la limite septentrionale de la formation de Noggin Cove. La formation est par ailleurs faillee contre du microgres et du schistc argileux du groupe de Davidsville le long de sa limite sud.
La formation de Noggin Cove a connu trois periodes de deformation : a)Dj, le pli couche infericurF]; b) D2, le pli serre a isoclinal F2 avec clivage ardoisier axial penetrant (S2) en direction nord-est; et D3, le pli incline* vers Test F3 du clivage regional S2. Le metamorphisme du facies de schiste vert regional a localement ete suivi par un metamorphismc de contact relic a ('intrusion des plutons du Siluro-Devonicn de Frederikton, Rocky Bay et Aspen Cove.
La repartition des facies, la grande frequence des fragments vesiculates et le volume de roches volcanoclastiques detritiques monominerales permettent de supposer que la formation de Noggin Cove est une etendue plate volcanoclastique maritime formee par erosion crece au sud d'une source volcanique peu profonde maritime a subaeriennc en Evolution. Les affinites geochimiques d'arriere-arc, conjugu^es a la lithologie et a la straligraphic, revclcnt un cadre paleotectoniquc a bassin arricrc-arc.
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Isocrinid crinoids from the late Cenozoic of Jamaica
Stephen K. Donovan
pp. 195–203
AbstractEN:
Eight species of isocrinines have been documented from the Lower Cretaceous to Pleistocene of Jamaica. New finds include a second specimen of a Miocene species from central north Jamaica, previously regarded as Diplocrinus sp. but reclassified as Teliocrmus? sp. herein. Extant Teliocrinus is limited to the Indian Ocean, although Miocene specimens have been recorded from Japan, indicating a wider distribution during the Neogene. One locality in the early Pleistocene Manchioncal Formation of eastern Jamaica has yielded three species of isocrinine, Cenocrinus asterius (Linnl), Diplocrinus maclearanus (Thomson) and Neocrinus decorus Thomson. These occur in association with the bourgueticrinine Democrinus sp. or Monachocrinus sp. These taxa are all extant and suggest a minimum depositional depth for the Manchioneal Formation at this locality of about 180 m. This early Pleistocene fauna represents the most diverse assemblage of fossil crinoids docu mented from the Antillean region.
FR:
Huit especes d'isocrinines de la periodc du Cretace infericur au Pleistocene de la JamaTque ont <tc documented. Les nouvelles decouvertes comprennent un deuxieme specimen d'unc espece du Miocene du nord central de la JamaTque, auparevant considered comme Pespece Diplocrinus, mais reclassified en tant que Teliocrinus? aux presentes. Le Teliocrmus existant est limite a I'ocean Indien, mime si on a releve' des specimens du Miocene au Japon, ce qui est reVilateur d'une distribution plus n£pandue au cours du Neogene. Un emplacement de la formation de Manchioneal du Pleistocene inftrieur dans I'est de la Jamalque a livre trois especes d'isocrinines : le Cenocrinus asterius (Linne), le Diplocrinus maclearanus (Thomson) et le Neocrinus decorus (Thomson). Ceux-ci sont presents en association avec les bourgueticrinines Democrinus ou Monachocrinus. Ces taxons sont tous existants et ils permettent de supposer que la formation de Manchioneal aurait une profondeur minimale de sedimentation d'environ 180 m a cet endroit. Cette faunc du Pleistocene infericur represente Tassemblage le plus diversify de crinoYdes fossiles documents dans la region des Antilles.
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The nature and origin of enclaves in four peraluminous granitoid intrusions from the Meguma Zone, Nova Scotia
Marcus C. Tate
pp. 205–215
AbstractEN:
Four mid- to late Devonian peraluminous granitoid intrusions in the Meguma Zone of southwestern Nova Scotia contain abundant enclaves typical of orogenic granitoid bodies. The Barrington Passage and Shelbume plutons contain an assem blage of granoblastic metasedimentary homfelsic enclaves (49%) that have aluminosilicate porphyroblasts, and surmicaccous enclaves (51%) that consist of > 70% decussate biotitc with apatite and zircon inclusions. Metasedimentary enclaves pre dominate in the Port Mouton Pluton and the South Mountain Batholith (52%), but these intrusions also contain abundant microgranular and coarse-grained granitoid enclaves (25% and 23%, respectively) that have peraluminous mineral assem blages and tonalitic to leucomonzogranitic compositions. High concentrations of metasedimentary enclaves at the country rock contacts suggest that they probably formed as xenotiths stoped from the Meguma Group. No xenoliths reflect palaeosomes of basement gneiss from the protolith of the granitoid melts, but the surmicaccous enclaves may be restitc in the Port Mouton Pluton and the South Mountain Batholith; in the Barrington Passage tonalite they probably represent melanosomes after incorporated xenoliths. Microgranular and coarse-grained granitoid enclaves apparently represent stoped autoliths of both quenched and slowly cooled granitic melt in the multiply-intrusive granitoid bodies.
FR:
Quatre intrusions granitiques du Devonien superieur dans la zone de Meguma, dans le sud-ouest de la Nouvelle-Ecosse, renferment des enclaves abondantes typiques de masses granitiques oroglniques. Les intrusions ignees de Barrington Pas sage et de Shelbume renferment un assemblage d'enclaves corneennes m£tasidimentaires granoblastiques (49 %) comprenant des enclaves surmicacles et porphyroblastes d'aluminosilicates (51 %) constituees de moins de 70 % de biotitc entrecroisee d'inclusions d'apatite ct de zircon. Les enclaves metasedimentaircs predomincnt dans le pluton de Port Mouton et le batholite de South Mountain (52 %), mais ces intrusions renferment en outre des enclaves granitiques microgrenues et a gros grains (25 % et 23 % respectivement) comportant des assemblages mineraux hyperalumineux et dotees de compositions tonalitiques a leucomonzogranitiques. Des concentrations elevees d'enclaves metasedimentaires aux surfaces de contact encaissantes laissent supposer qu'elles se sont probablement formers en tant que xinolites abattus du groupe de Meguma. Aucun x&iolite ne correspond aux paleosomes du gneiss du socle provenant du protolite des magmas granitiques, mais les enclaves surmicacees pourraient etre des melanosomes dans le pluton de Port Mouton et le batholite de South Mountain. Dans la tonalite de Barrington Passage, dies represented probablement des melanosomes apparus apres ('incorporation des xinolites. Les enclaves granitiques microgrenues et a gros grains represented apparemment des enclaves syngenetiques de magma granitique tant fige que douce men t refroidi dans les masses granitiques intrusives multipli.
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Palichnology of the Lower Devonian Wapske Formation, Perth-Andover-Mount Carleton region, northwestern New Brunswick, eastern Canada
Yaojun Han and Ron K. Pickerill
pp. 217–245
AbstractEN:
The Lower Devonian Wapske Formation of the Tobique Group in the Perth-Andover-Mount Carleton region of north western New Brunswick forms part of the tcctonostratigraphic Tobique Zone. In this region, the formation is 4000 to 9000 m thick and is interpreted as deep-marine turbiditic in origin. Seven sedimentary facies are recognized. These are: conglomerate facies (Facies 1); massive and parallel-laminated sandstone facies (Facies 2); thin- to thick-bedded sandstone with minor mudstone interbeds and/or mud-capped facies (Facies 3); thin-bedded sandstone and mudstone facies (Facies 4); thin-bed ded, graded, fine-grained sandstone facies (Facies S); thin-bedded, fine-grained sandstone and silty mudstone facies (Facies 6); and thin- and medium-bedded siltstone and mudstone facies (Facies 7). These facies are grouped into five facies associa tions reflecting a deep-marine fan system consisting of distributary channels, depositions) lobes, lobe or fan fringes, and intcrchannel areas associated with a basin plain.
A relatively diverse and well-preserved ichnofauna, consisting of 23 ichnogenera (41 ichnospecies) and three vernacular ichnotaxa, is systematically described, these comprising Arthraria Billings, 1872; Bergaueria Prantl, 1945; Chondrites von Sternberg, 1833; Cochlichnus Hitchcock, 18S8; Cosmorhaphe Fuchs, 1895; Cruziana d'Orbigny, 1842; Dendrotichnium Hantzschel, 1975; Didymautichnus Young, 1972, Helminthoida SchafhButl, 1851; Helminthopsis User, 1877; Hormosiroidea Schaffer, 1928; Monomorphichnus Crimes, 1970; Neonereites Scilacher, 1960; Palaeophycus Hall, 1847; Paleodictyon Meneghini in Murchison, 1850; Phycodes Richter, 1850; Protopaleodictyon Ksiqzkiewicz, 1970; Protavirgularia M'Coy, 1850; Rusophycus Hall, 1852; Skolithos Haldeman, 1840; Taenidium Heer, 1877; Uchirites Macsotay, 1967; Umfolozia Savage, 1971; two track forms and indeterminate scratch markings. Their palacoenvironmental distribution within the se quence correlates well with the interpreted submarine fan complex and compares favourably with other previously docu mented ichnofaunas from deep-marine fans. Collectively, the ichnofauna of the Wapske Formation is characteristic of Seilachcr's (1967) Nereites ichnofacies.
FR:
La formation de Wapske du Devonien inftrieur du groupe de Tobique dans la region de Perth Andover/mont Carleton du nord-ouest du Nouveau-Brunswick fait partie de la zone tectonostratigraphique de Tobique. Dans cette region, la formation a 4 000 a 9 000 m d'6paisseur et elle est interpretee comme une formation d'origine turbiditique abyssale. On reconnait sept facies s&iimentaires, notamment : le conglomerat (facies 1); un facies de gres lamine massif et parallele (facies 2); un facies de gres en couches 6paisses ou minces interstratifie de mudstone en quantity mineure ou couronn£ de boue (facies 3); un facies de mudstone et de gres en couches minces (facies 4); un facies de gres a grains fins, profile^ en couches minces (facies 5); un facies de mudstone vaseux et de gres a grains fins, en couches minces (facies 6); et un facies de mudstone et de microgres en couches minces et moyennes. Ces facies sont groupes en cinq associations de facies cofTCSpondant a un systeme en 6ventail abyssal constituc de dlfluents, dc lobes sedimentaires, de franges en lobe ou en iventail et de zones inter-canaux associ£es a une plaine synclinale.
Une ichnofaune relativement diversified et bien pr£serv£e, constitute de 23 ichnogenres (41 ichnoespeces) et trois ichnotaxa courants, est decrite de facon systematique. Ceux-ci comprennent YArthraria Billings, 1872; le Bergaueria Prantl, 1945; les Chondrites von Sternberg, 1833; le Cochlichnus Hitchcock, 1858; le Cosmorhaphe Fuchs, 1895; le Cruziana d'Orbigny, 1842; le Dendrotichnium Hantzschel, 1975; le Didymaulichnus Young, 1972; YHelminthoida Schafhautl, 1851; YHelminthopsis Heer, 1877; YHormosiroidea Schaffer, 1928; le Monomorphichnus Crimes, 1970; le Neonereites Scilacher, 1960; le Palaeophycus Hall, 1847; le Palaeodictyon Meneghini dans Murchison, 1850; le Phycodes Richter, 1850; le Protopaleodictyon Ksiqzkiewicz, 1970; le Protavirgularia M'Coy, 1850; le Rusophycus Hall, 1852; le Skolithos Haldeman, 1840; le Taenidium Heer, 1877; YVchirites Macsotay, 1967; YUmfolozia Savage, 1971; deux formes de pistes et des marques de grattage. Leur repartition paleoenvironnementale a 1'interieur de la sequence correspond bien avec le complexe en iventail sous-marin interpret et elle se compare favorablement avec les autres ichnofaunes des even tails abyssaux documentecs auparavant. Collectivement, 1'ichnofaune de la formation de Wapske est caracteristique de Pichnofacies Nereites de Scilacher (1967).
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Early Carboniferous gabbro and basalt in the St. Peters area, southern Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia
S. M. Barr, A. L. Grammatikopoulos and G. R. Dunning
pp. 247–258
AbstractEN:
Small gabbroic plutons and minor mafic volcanic rocks occur in the St Peters area of southwestern Cape Breton Island. U-Pb dating of zircon and baddeleyite show that the gabbro has an Early Carboniferous age of 339 ± 2 Ma, similar to the age of the surrounding sedimentary units of the Horton and Windsor groups. The gabbros were intruded at shallow depth, consis tent with their association with minor mafic volcanic rocks. Penological studies suggest that evolution of the gabbros in volved fractionation of Mg-rich olivine and pyroxene, but not significant plagioclase. The chemical characteristics of the suite have been partly modified by alteration, evidenced in albitization of plagioclase and zones of carbonate alteration, but generally indicate a continental within-plato tectonic setting and tholciitic affinity. The parent magma may have been de pleted in heavy rare-earth elements, and was possibly derived from a garnet-bearing mantle source. The St Peters gabbros and basalts are part of widespread mid-Devonian to Carboniferous igneous activity in Atlantic Canada, apparently related to extension during the development of the Maritimes Basin.
FR:
De petites intrusions ignees gabbrolques et de faibles quantity de roches volcano-mafiques sont prisentes dans la region de St. Peters, dans le sud-ouest de File du Cap-Breton. Une datation au U-Pb a partir de zircon et de baddeleyite revele que le gabbro est age de 339 ± 2 Ma et qu'il remonte done au Carbonifere inferieur, similairement aux unites setlimentaires des groupes de Horton et de Windsor. Les gabbros ont et£ penetnis a une faible profondeur, conformement a leur association avec les roches volcano-mafiques. Des Etudes petrologiques permettent de supposer que Involution des gabbros a comport^ un fractionnement d'olivine et de pyroxene riches en Mg, mais pas de fractionnement de plagioclase important. Les caracteristiques chimiques de la sirie ont iti particllcment modifiers par alteration, comme le demontrent l'albitisation du plagioclase et les zones d'alteration du carbonate, mais elles revelent generalement une compaction tectonique intra-plaque continentale et une affinite thoteiitiquc. Le magma parental a pu £tre appauvri d'elements lourds des terres rares et il provient possiblement d'une source mantetique grenatifere. Les gabbros et les basaltes de St. Peters font partie de I'activite ignee generate du milieu du Devonien au Carbonifere dans les provinces de l'Atlantique, laquelle est apparemment reliee a 1'extension survenue pendant le deVeloppement du bassin des Maritimes.
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Note: U-Pb baddeleyite dating clarifies age of characteristic paleomagnetic remanence of Long Range dykes, southeastern Labrador
Sandra L. Kamo and Charles F. Gower
pp. 259–262
AbstractEN:
A second age of 615 Ma has been obtained for the Long Range dykes in Labrador. This age removes uncertainty, introduced by anomalous paleomagnetic results, that more than one age of dykes trending north-northeast is present in the region. It also establishes that the age of the primary magnetization of the Long Range dykes is 615 Ma.
FR:
On a obtenu un deuxiemc Ige, fixe" a 615 Ma, par rapport aux dykes de Long Range, au Labrador. Celui-ci elimine Fincertitude, qu'avaient amende des resultats pateomagmStiques anomaux, au sujet de la presence de dykes de Long Range d'unc direction nord-nord-est de plus d'un fige dans la region. On a en outre etabli 1'lge de la magnetisation originelle des dykes de Long Range a 615 Ma.
Abstracts
Index
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Volume 30, 1994, Year-End Author Index
pp. 273–277