Volume 19, Number 1, Spring 1983
Table of contents (5 articles)
Editor's Note
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Editor's Page
R. K. Pickerill and G. E. Pajari
pp. iii–iv
Articles
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Environmental and correlative significance of a non-marine algal limestone (Westphalian D), Sydney Coalfield, Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia
Gary M. Vasey and Erwin L. Zodrow
pp. 1–10
AbstractEN:
The occurrence of an algal limestone containing stromatolites within the Morien Group (Sydney Coalfield) is reported for the first time. Three distinct morphologic forms of stromatolite (pinnacle, mat and detached) and their stratigraphic variation are described. Variation in clast type and size, biota and elements within the algal limestone is interpreted as evidence for the growth of stromatolites on the shore of an ephemeral, fresh to brackish lake, subject to fluctuating water levels. Pinnacle and mat forms developed on substrate irregularities. A bivalve and ostracode fauna in mudatones and siltstones above and below the algal limestone indicates a correlation with the Anthraconauta tenuis chronozone of Britain (Westphalian D) and corroborates on age derived from associated macro- and microflora.
FR:
Four la preralSre fols, on rapporte la presence de stromatolithes dans un calcaire a algues du groupe Morien (houilliere de Sydney). Trois types morphologlques de stromatolithes (pinacle, paillasson, detache) et leur variation stratigraphlque sont decrita. On interprete la variation dans la faune, la flore, les elements, le type et la grosseur des fragment a au seln du calcaire a algues comme preuve de la crolssance des stromatolithes sur les rives d'un lac Sphemere, d'eau douce a saunatre et sujet a des variations periodiques du niveau d'eau. Les formes en pinacle et en paillasson s'etablirent sur les irrSgularltes du substrat. Une faune de bivalves et d'ostracodes dans lea roches arglleuses superposSes et sous-jacentes au calcaire a algues est correlative avec la zone chronologique Anthraconauta tenuis de Grande-Bretagne (Westphalien D) et confirme l'Sge deduit de la macro et la micro flore.
[Traduit par le journal]
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Experiments in rheoplasis during sediment intrusion
A. G. Flint, H.W. van de Poll and I.M. Patel
pp. 11–19
AbstractEN:
Injection of semi-fluid silt/water suspensions Into semi-fluid sand/cement slurries resulted In the formation of a variety of structures at the Interface between the two materials. These structures resemble flute, load, groove and rldga-caats and form as a result of flow-moulding ('rheoplasis')• These experimental results complement earlier work' on certain natural occurrences of these structures and substantiate the hypothesis that they form as a result of post-deposltlonal sediment movement and not through primary sedimentary processes.
FR:
L'Injection de suspensions aqueuses seral-fluldes de llmon dans dea melanges seml-fluldes de sable et de clment a produit une variete de formes 3 la surface de contact des deux materlaux. Ces formes, qui resseablent aux empreintes de charge, flStes, cannelures et cretes, resultent du moulage d'une coulSe ('rheoplasle'). Les resultats de ces experiences complementent des travaux anterieurs qui traitent d'exemples naturels de ces formes et appulent l'hypothese selon laquelle cea formes rgsultent du mouvement des sediments apr&s leur deposition «t non pas de processus a£d linen t aires primal res.
[Traduit par le journal]
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On the Tremadoc-Arenig and Lower-Upper Tremadoc boundries in the Bell Island Group, Conception Bay, eastern Newfoundland
R. K. Pickerill and D. Fillion
pp. 21–30
AbstractEN:
The Cambro-Ordovlcian lchnostratigraphic paradigm developed in England and Wales and successfully applied to coaval sequences in southwest Europe and the Mediterranean region is applied to the Ordoviclan Bell Island Group, Conception Bay, eastern Newfoundland. Its application enables a more accurate definition of the Tremadoc-Arenig boundary than previous studies have permitted and is the first attempt to define the Lower-Upper Tremadoc boundary within the Bell Island Group. It is suggested that both boundaries fall within the Beach Formation, the former at 1200 m within the succession and the latter at 1020 m.
FR:
On applique au Croupe de Bell Island (Ordovlclen, Bale de Conception) lemodSle ichnostratigraphi-que developpE pour le Cambro-Ordoviclen d'Angleterre et du Pays de Galles et utilise* avec auccfts sur des sequences contempt) ralnes d'Europe du sudouest et de la region mediterraneans. Ceci per-met de dSflnir la frontlire entre le Tr&madoc et l'Arenlg de fagon plus exacte que lors d'ltudes anterieures. On tente aussi de dfiflnlr pour la premiftre fois la fronti&re sftparant le TrSmadoc inferleur du TrSmadoc sup&rieur ft l'interieur du Croupe de Bell'lsland. On suggSre que les deux llmites se trouvent dans la Formation de Beach, la premiere gtant situSe ft 1200 m dans la succession et la seconde ft 1020 m.
[Traduit par le journal]
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Timing of deformation and the mechanism of cleavage development in a Newfoundland melange
Paul F. Williams
pp. 31–48
AbstractEN:
This paper is concerned with two aspects of folding and cleavage development in the "Carmanvllle Ophlolitic MSlange" of Newfoundland. First it is concerned with the problem of the timing of deformation relative to llthification and metamorphism, and second it is concerned with development of the cleavage.
According to previous interpretation the cleavage and associated folds are a product of soft-sediment deformation. The cleavage however, Is a second generation axial-plane structure and microstructural observations, presented here, show it to be later than the peak of metamorphism. Further, F2 folds occur in quartz veins where they are associated with a strong crystallographic fabric. The second generation structures are thus a product of hard-rock deformation. The origin of the F] folds however, remains equivocal.
Dyke-like structures previously attributed to migration of thixotroplc melange units are also post llthification and are a product of faulting and metamorphic differentiation. The S2 cleavage Is largely a product of rotation. In the coarser sediments whole clasts are rotated into the cleavage plane. Within shale clasts and in shale beds the cleavage has developed principally as a result of transposition by mlcrofolding. Folding fabrics have been modi-fled by grain growth.
FR:
La presente etude traite de deux questions reli£es au dgvelopperaent du plissement et du clivage dans le "melange ophlolitique de Carmanvllle" (Terre-Neuve): 1) de la chronologic respective de la llthification et du mStamorphisme par rapport a la deformation et 2) du dgveloppement du clivage.
Auparavant, on attribuait le clivage et les plis a la deformation de sediments non-consolidSs. II appert cependant que le clivage correspond a un plan axial de deuxiSme generation et les elements structuraux microscopiques indlquent que ce clivage est posterleur a la phase maximal du mStamorphisme. De plus, les plis F2 se retrouvent dans des velnes de quartz ou lis sont assocles a une trame cristsllographique tres bien deflnie. Les structures de deuxiSme generation provlennent done d'une deformation llthlque. L'origine des plis Fj demeure toutefois incertaine. Dea structures en forme de dykes que l'on attribuait jadis a des phenomenes de thixotropie au sein du melange sont en fait le resultat de failles et de differentiation metamorphique survenues apres la llthification des sediments.
Le clivage Sz est principalement dO a un mouvement de rotation et dans les sediments grosslers, des fragments entiers ont ete reorientes selon le plan de clivage. Le clivage qui affecte les lits et les fragments de schlste argileux est surtout le resultat d'une transposition par micro-pllssement. Les trames de plissement ont ete modiflees par la croissance des grains.
[Traduit par le journal]