Abstracts
Résumé
Les changements constituent le modus operandi des organisations contemporaines. Dans plusieurs organisations, ils sont constants, rapides et se chevauchent créant ainsi une saturation du changement. Dans un tel contexte, la conduite du changement devient particulièrement complexe. L’une des principales difficultés est reliée aux destinataires, qui pourraient avoir de la difficulté à faire face aux changements. Il devient essentiel pour les gestionnaires de comprendre comment les destinataires s’adaptent au changement pour mieux le réussir. L’amélioration de la capacité à changer des destinataires (CCD) pourrait constituer une clé lors de la conduite du changement. Cela dit, la CCD peut référer à différentes réalités, si bien que ses dimensions et les leviers pouvant la promouvoir restent confus. Cette étude a pour objectif de clarifier la CCD et d’identifier les leviers utilisés pour la promouvoir. Ainsi, une recension systématique de la littérature sur la CCD a été réalisée dans les bases de données suivantes : ABI/INFORM, APA PsycInfo et Business Source Complete. Les 69 articles retenus ont permis de générer une carte conceptuelle clarifiant trois dimensions de la capacité à changer : l’ouverture au changement (OC), l’engagement envers le changement (EC) et le soutien comportemental au changement (SCC). Ces dernières représenteraient un continuum de l’évolution de réactions positives du destinataire au changement. Trois leviers utilisés pour les promouvoir (informations et communication, soutien et participation) ont aussi été aussi identifiés. Les leviers à privilégier évolueraient tout au long du continuum de la CCD.
Mots-clés :
- Capacité à changer,
- adaptation au changement,
- réactions du destinataire,
- revue systématique de la littérature
Abstract
Change is the modus operandi of contemporary organizations. In many organizations, they are constant, rapid and overlapping, creating a saturation of change. In such a context, change management becomes particularly complex. One of the main difficulties is related to the recipients, who may have difficulty coping with the changes. It becomes essential for managers to understand how recipients adapt to change in order to be more successful. Improving the recipients’ capacity to change (RCC) could be a key to change management. However, RCC can refer to different realities, so its dimensions and the levers that can promote it remain unclear. The objective of this study is to clarify the RCC and to identify the levers used to promote it. Thus, a systematic review of the literature on RCC was conducted in the following databases: ABI/INFORM, APA PsycInfo and Business Source Complete. The 69 articles selected were used to generate a conceptual map clarifying three dimensions of change capacity: openness to change (OC), commitment to change (CC) and behavioural support for change (BSC). These would represent a continuum of the recipient’s evolving positive responses to change. Three levers used to promote them (information and communication, support, and participation) were also identified. The preferred levers would evolve along the RCC continuum.
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Appendices
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