Documents found
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651.More information
Around 1489–90, during the period of his service for the house of Bentivoglio, Giovanni Sabadino degli Arienti wrote the Gynevera de le clare donne, a catalogue containing thirty-three lives of exemplary women, for Ginevra Sforza Bentivoglio, Giovanni II’s wife and counsellor. Even though throughout his work Sabadino insists on the virtues and perfection of his addressee, chroniclers wrote extensively about Ginevra’s cruelty, wrath, and vindictive personality as well as her unfaithfulness towards her first husband. Although all these features clearly contrast with the behaviours of the women included in the Gynevera, the perfection of the first of the protagonists of the book, Theodelinda of Bavaria, is constructed by Sabadino through allusion to a series of characteristics exactly opposed to those that the contemporary chroniclers attributed to Ginevra. In this article, I study Sabadino’s biography of Theodelinda as a paradigm of perfect woman and ruler, comparing it to the features that, according to fifteenth- and sixteenth-century chroniclers, made Ginevra Sforza Bentivoglio an imperfect wife and counsellor.
Keywords: Sabadino degli Arienti, Sabadino degli Arienti, Querelle des Femmes, Querelle des Femmes, Biographies Exemplaires, Exemplary Biographies, Ginevra Sforza Bentivoglio, Ginevra Sforza Bentivoglio, Théodelinde de Bavière, Theodelinda of Bavaria
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652.More information
Women rabbis have been depicted in fiction for close to fifty years. In the second decade and then in the beginning of the third decade of the twenty-first century over a dozen fictional women rabbis appear as central or important characters in novels, short stories, and on the silver screen. Most of them make their first appearance. This article takes note of the authors of these works, and then looks at the characters themselves, contrasting their “fictional” experiences with the published experiences of “real-life” women rabbis. It discusses these fictional women rabbis in terms of their theology/sense of tradition; religious/educational backgrounds; gender identification; and where that information is dealt with in the storyline, how these women address some of the challenges facing women rabbis such as dressed for success; pay inequity; and matters of sexual harassment. This is followed by a section on how women regard success in the rabbinate. A caveat: the real-lived experiences of women rabbis, their definitions of success and their joys/concerns/issues/disquiets are not necessarily the subjects that concern writers of fiction that feature women rabbis as characters.
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653.More information
The paradigm of the prisca theologia, developed by Marsilio Ficino in the second half of the fifteenth century, had a huge influence throughout the early modern period. Its influence on the Reformation debates, however, has not yet been investigated. In the present article, I make an initial contribution to filling this gap. In the first part, I show that theprisca theologia was widely disseminated in the territories of the Holy Roman Empire at the beginning of the sixteenth century, including at the University of Erfurt where Martin Luther was educated. In the second half, I focus on two figures central to the Reformation debates: Johann Eck and Martin Luther. As I show, Eck had an ambivalent attitude towards theprisca theologia: on the one hand, he aimed to reconcile the scholastic tradition with the ancient doctrines of theprisci theologi; on the other hand, he distanced himself from the Hermetic and magical implications of theprisca theologia. Luther, meanwhile, developed an anti-paradigm to Ficino’s prisca theologia: he argued that the improper mixing of black and white magic was born in Persia and then developed in Egypt and Greece.
Keywords: Prisca theologia, Marsilio Ficino, Martin Luther, Johann Eck, Hermeticism, Reformation
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654.More information
Article 3136 C.c.Q. is a departure from the general rules of jurisdiction applicable to a Quebec authority. Based on the principle of necessity and in the absence of an appropriate forum, it authorizes an authority to exercise jurisdiction in relation to a matter not subject to its direct jurisdiction when it is impossible or unreasonable for the parties to access a foreign authority and when the litigation has a sufficient connection with Quebec. Article 3136 thus confers a discretionary jurisdiction on a Quebec authority. This discretion is limited by the definitional elements expressed in article 3136 and has been further narrowed by an inappropriate interpretation by the Court of Appeal in Lamborghini. The critical factor is that necessity jurisdiction implies that the litigation is subject to an effective remedy in the Quebec forum. Availability of an effective remedy renders reasonable the exercise of necessity jurisdiction and the requirement that foreign litigation be instituted, unreasonable. However, the factor of remedy is ignored, or without expression, in both doctrine and jurisprudence. Supported by a comparative approach between the civil law and the common law, the first part presents a general analysis of this exceptional rule with particular attention to the Swiss law which inspired the drafters of article 3136. In the second part, article 3136 is considered in context with the general provisions of the Code and the legislative history of the provision is clarified. The third part analyzes the definitional elements of the article and the last part examines its application as reflected in the relevant jurisprudence.
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655.More information
This article is in part a book review and in part a study of two institutions. In it, the author compares the origin and growth of the Supreme Court of Canada and of the Supreme Court of the United States. He uses Professors James G. Snell and Frederick Vaughan's The Supreme Court of Canada: History of the Institution as a starting point, and he compares various aspects of the two Supreme Courts. He points out similarities in the problems that the two have confronted since the beginning, and he indicates the manner in which these problems have been resolved by each.
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659.More information
Awful Disclosures of Maria Monk (1836) is perhaps Canada's most scandalous literary export. However, only a few editions of the scurrilous anti-Catholic fabrication have been published in its purported author's country of origin. A mysterious undated edition, “published for the trade” in Toronto, is probably the most widely circulated Canadian printing. Based on a close investigation of the Toronto edition's physical characteristics—the stereotype plates used to print it, the illustrations, and the mismatched printer's ornaments appearing on certain pages—as well as the ownership history of one copy and the context of the book's legal status in Canada, this article argues that the Toronto edition is evidence of an anonymous publisher's strategies to evade customs censorship. It suggests that these strategies influenced how Canadian readers might have engaged with Awful Disclosures, highlighting the tension between obscenity and anti-Catholicism that underlay the book’s reception among readers, printers, and censors.