Documents found
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2901.More information
Entrepreneurship in remote areas is viewed as a way to diversify their economies. The objective is to move away from a vision centred on resource and workforce exploitation by industries with outside interests and whose activities contribute to increase local socioeconomic inequalities. Despite some public and private support initiatives for entrepreneurs, a number of constraints limit this support. This study aims to better understand the support required to pursue an entrepreneurial project in the Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean region. To achieve this, we use the different attributes making up the Spigel (2017) entrepreneurial ecosystem to analyze and interpret our interviews with various groups of entrepreneurs in the region. This shows, among other findings, that the support offered is not always suited to the needs of the region’s entrepreneurs and that there are attributes of the entrepreneurial ecosystem that remain to be developed.
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2902.More information
The transactional stress model is one of the most recognized explanatory models. Through a double evaluation mechanism, this cognitive-phenomenological perspective proposes that the state of stress emanates from a mismatch between contextual demands and personal resources. Few thorough validations of the model have been made until now. This study proposes a verification of the full dynamic of stress in a professional context via a cross-sectional study of 420 teachers. The study seeks to verify the spillover effect underlying the transactional model as well as various mediating/moderating effects resulting from the intervention of certain individual characteristics. The results of the statistical analysis generally confirm the transactional perspective as an effective way to conceptualize work stress in educational context.
Keywords: Stress, travail, modèle transactionnel, adaptation, caractéristiques individuelle
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2903.More information
SUMMARYCanada Mortgage and Housing Corporation is actively involved in conducting research on demographic change and housing demand. Household projections are at the center of this research. To project households, CMHC uses the headship rate method, then applies projected ownership rates to split projected households into owner and renter groups. Selecting headship and ownership rates assumptions is one of many challenges encountered by CMHC in generating potential housing demand projections. CMHC is working with the Joint Center for Housing Studies at Harvard University to develop a cohort-based method for extrapolating headship and ownership rates. The method offers advantages over other approaches in that it recognizes differences between generations, provides a useful framework for analysis, and offers considerable flexibility in tailoring projection assumptions. Preliminary cohort-based potential housing demand projections show broad consistency with current low levels of housing market activity and point to continuation of some of the established trends in the past twenty years.
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2904.More information
The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted relationships between people in academia following the implementation of health measures. This study aims to better understand the reality experienced and expressed by undergraduate and graduate social work students during the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown. The qualitative research applies to a larger survey of 621 participants and is supplemented by quantitative research involving 90 social work students. The results show a negative emotional perception, caused by virtual teaching and work overload during this pandemic. The results of this study suggest a need for students support during periods of confinement, provide a caution concerning teaching methods, and raise concerns about how virtual learning may affect the quality of social work education.
Keywords: COVID-19, étudiantes et étudiants, travail social, santé mentale, enseignement virtuel, surcharge de travail, COVID-19, students, social work, mental health, virtual learning, work overload
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2905.More information
The purpose of this study is to characterize the distribution of the woody flora and the spatio-temporal dynamic of the woody vegetation cover on the periphery of Waza National Park. The study was organized around two main complementary methods : (i) botanical inventories which made it possible to detect the organization and the structure of the woody vegetation ; (ii) the processing and analysis of satellite imagery (Landsat) with the aim of characterizing land use and its evolution between 1987 and 2016. The study reveals that woody species that are endangered in this area are more likely to outside the park and more particularly in home gardens, where the populations protect the few remaining individuals, given their importance. On the other hand, the spatial distribution of woody flora is a function of the anthropogenic pressure gradient. However, factors such as insufficient controls and high livestock carrying capacity on the periphery may result in illegal incursions into the park and the consequence may be the reversal of this gradient. The study also shows that Waza National Park and its periphery have lost an average of 478 ha of woody cover each year since 1987, and that the bare soil area increases by an average of 319 ha per year. Finally, it proposes a redefinition of zoning not only to bring it into line with the requirements of the biosphere reserves, but also to make the park management strategy more efficient.
Keywords: dynamique, flore ligneuse, pression anthropique, parc national de Waza, dynamic, woody flora, anthropogenic pressure, Waza National Park
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2906.More information
As video-hosting websites attract more and more users of all ages (Barry et al. 2016; Sweeny 2009; Whitaker, Orman, and Yarbrough 2014), more educational research is acknowledging their importance and their influence in the domain of instruction and apprenticeship (Buzzetto-More 2015; Dougan 2014; Whitaker, Orman and Yarbrough 2014). YouTube, for example, has for several years been the subject of scientific studies and evaluations both on its level of use and its content (Kruse and Veblen 2012; Rudolph and Frankel 2009; Schumacher 2015; Waldron 2009, 2011 and 2013). If the results of these studies show a non-negligible added value, notably in the engagement of students, comprehension of the ideas, and their satisfaction (Buzzetto-More 2015), few researchers have considered the influence of the integration of these platforms into the pedagogical practice of teachers.This study looks at the modifications of the practices followed by musical instrument teachers in different music schools and institutions in French-speaking Switzerland, namely the integration of video platforms in their instruction. This qualitative research, based on about 30 semi-structured interviews and group interviews, shows modifications in teaching practice on several levels: activities suggested to the student, organization of space, types of pedagogical communication, evaluation, and pedagogical style. It illustrates that the pedagogical progression of a piano tutorial (“Le blues au piano et aux claviers, les bases pour bien débuter”) is essentially linear and these videos consider the learner as an epistemic subject. Finally, the study reveals, to teachers and students, the necessary competency required to successfully integrate this technology into classrooms and music studios.
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2907.More information
The area catchment of Abiergué, located in the urban perimeter of Yaounde between 11°05' and 11°25' East longitude and between 3°51' and 3°54' North latitude experiencing an important truck-farming activity in its bottoms funds from Nkolbikok to Nkolbisson. A study started in 2005 in this area, has for main objective to contribute to the enhancement of this activity while working to reduce the involved risks (health and environmental). Many activities have been developed using a transdisciplinary approach. The socio-economic conditions of the actors implied in this die have been described. The constraints and the assets related to the development of the urban truck farming were raised. The wastewater comes from various origins (households, market, health centres,…) and have significant levels of BOD5 (10 to 360 mg O2 /l), COD (15 to 601 mg O2 /l), Fecal Coliform (5025 UFC/100ml to 3 x 106 UFC/100ml), Fecal Streptococci (1960 UFC/100ml to 138 000 UFC/100ml). Variable rates of cysts of protozoa (Entamoeba hystolotica and Giardia sp) and eggs of helminths were detected in this water. The reuse of wastewater has for corollary the emergence of waterborne diseases such as intestinal amebiasis which as well assigns the actors engaged in this die as the population in general independently of sex, age or social status. Many practices and many risk behaviors contribute to the spread of waterborne diseases.Despite the risk of waterborne diseases, this activity contributes significantly to food security, strengthening the economic potential, development of urban space in short to improve conditions and the framework of life of the categories of actors involved in this activity in particular and population in general. Actions economically viable, socially acceptable and ecologically sustainable are to be implemented by State or NGO in order to reduce the negative aspects and strengthen the positive aspects of this multipurpose activity.
Keywords: maraîchage urbain, eaux usées, gestion intégrée des ressources en eau, écosystème, santé humaine, écosanté, Abiergué, Cameroun, urban truck farming, wastewater, integrated water resources management, ecosystem, human health, ecohealth, Abiergué, Cameroun
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2908.More information
In the Quebec university context, the diversification of the student population raises several challenges. In their current organization, services only respond to the needs of students with a diagnosis through theimplementation of individualized interventions. The implementation of the principles of Universal Design for Learning appears to be an advantageous solution since the principles can take into account this diversity other than through a diagnosis. This case study conducted with professors and lecturers in the Quebec university context aims to better understand the process of appropriating the Universal Design for Learning principles. The results describe the appropriation process and what participants understand about Universal Design for Learning.
Keywords: Situation de handicap, Perspective sociale du handicap, Inclusion scolaire, Pédagogie universelle, Étude de cas
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2909.More information
In this article, we analyse the teachers' agency after participation in an international training master’s in educational research. Sixteen teachers, from various African countries, accept to participate in a semi-structured interview at the end of an international master. The data collected was analysed qualitatively through thematic dimensions. The interviews highlighted how the teachers expressed their agency in consequence of their participation in the international master. At the end of the master, the emerged dimensions of teachers’ agency are related to the professional choices, the scholastic local community, the professional practices acquired during the master as well as the transformation of their personal and collective professional practices.
Keywords: Agentivité, Enseignant, Compétences de recherche, Développement professionnel., agency, teacher, research skills, professional development
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2910.More information
A first level of governance is accountability and transparency. The delivery of Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) information is a key mechanism to gauge the impact of the firm’s decisions in these dimensions. However, the disclosure of ESG information may be opportunistic or biased. This is why a further step is to implement mechanisms of responsibility when the firm causes ESG damages. The legal definition of ESG responsibility is very complex and uneasy to define. A parallel way to implement third parties interest in the firm’s decisions are internal governance mechanisms. We show it by analyzing the creditors’ behavior. The agency relationship with creditors may be balanced with transfer of value to and from the controlling shareholders. At the end we recall the disciplinary role of debt is heavily conditioned by the macroeconomic and tax contexts.