Documents found
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AbstractAccess to health care is particularly important in the case of diseases which require rapid attention, such as hemophilia. Spatial, therapeutic and cognitive factors can also act as barriers or facilitators of access to health care services. Despite acceptable access times, a GIS-based time-distance analysis for Brittany shows that severe hemophiliac patients are more likely to live close to hospitals. Access times negatively impact on levels of satisfaction in patients unaccustomed to such trips. Interviews reveal that patients do not necessarily use the closest health care services to them but more readily base their choices on the perceived quality of the health care provided or their relationships with staff. Self-treatment can reduce the number of trips required for hospital services but may at the same time impose material constraints that hamper patients' normal mobility, or oblige them to carry voluminous and expensive equipment with them.
Keywords: Accessibilité, Bretagne, distance, hémophilie, parcours de soins, SIG, vécu, Accessibility, Brittany, distance, GIS, haemophilia, health care pattern, real-life experience, Accesibilidad, Bretaña, distancia, hemofilia, trayecto de servicios, SIG, vivencia
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With the local scale, stakeholders often perceive the risks of coastal pollution by hydrocarbons by a maritime entry, where the preventive solutions would emanate from international authorities. Nevertheless, in the scope of coastal management of pollution, it is advisable to integrate this risk in the management of coastal territories, as well as other risks (erosion, telluric pollution…). The aim of integrated coastal zone management is a better coordination of local management for an effective preparation of the terrestrial fight. Intercommunality scale seems to be the best way to ensure the interrelationship between the national and international scale and the communal level.
Keywords: GIZC, pollutions côtières, plan infrapolmar, intercommunalité, ICZM, coastal pollution, infrapolmar plan, intercommunality
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Descriptions of seaside resorts often talk about preserved natural environment, which the tourists look for. However, nature has two sides in this type of places: first of all, a green setting, which must bring out the seaside resort; then an ideal, which concealed a reduction of natural spaces and power stakes. Since the 18th century, tourists and nature, in multiple facets (parcelle of land, area, town), have complex links, to the delight of this nature at its control, until its protection. The local actors used its new display and representation: they control the nature and, by this way, the future development of the seaside resort. Nature is not the object of disinterestedness is not with which the tourist speech usually associates it.
Keywords: France, histoire, station balnéaire, espace naturel, jardin, promenade, discours touristique, protection, nature, France, history, seaside resort, natural space, park, promenade, tourist speech, protection, nature
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This paper deals with coastal storm-induced hazards i.e. mainly coastline retreat and erosion. Coastal managers and councillors we met during this study largely expressed the need to prevent erosion and flooding events in order to keep beaches and back barrier environments in a healthy state. The main problem they encounter is about storms: most of them do not have impacts and only few of them are followed by erosion. In other terms, they want to anticipate which storm has to be cared for and which one is not dangerous. Defending a pragmatic point of view, we propose a new method to sort erosive storm from non erosive ones. It consists of a beach behaviour model resting on the graphical combination of three essential parameters assessed at a very local level: strong onshore winds, high swells and high sea levels (spring tide). The results obtained on the beach of Marennes (Gascony, France) are very good. In order to fine tune the model for other sites, where local conditions are slightly different, new local observations should be done and could then feed an other version of the model.
Keywords: érosion marine, modélisation, endommagement, dérives et alternatives, coastal erosion, models, damaging, drifts and alternatives
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Fort the most part, and unlike many European countries that have experienced municipal mergers, the French response to municipal fragmentation has been to resort to cooperative logics, a kind of soft alternative to mergers. The progress of intermunicipal cooperation and the preservation of a municipal order of intermunicipality have long been the subject of institutional struggles, both at the local level and in the more general framework of national and parliamentary political debate. In the context of territorial reform, these struggles seem to have intensified and unfolded in a context marked by a form of competitive autonomization of intermunicipalities facing municipalities. Observed in the field of representation (associations of elected officials), they reveal a tightening of the legal lock that is eroding the capacity of local elected officials on the ground to shape the cooperative framework themselves. But these struggles also highlight the capacities of municipalist safeguards, which are deployed both in a defensive mode (statutory and electoral issues) and, from now on, in a counter-offensive mode (“communes nouvelles”, “Engagement et Proximité” Act).
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Ernest Renan's Vie de Jésus (Life of Jesus) (1863) was a rare literary event with 146,000 copies sold in the first 18 months, 10 printings in the first year, and immediate translations into numerous other languages. One reason for the book's success was the fact that Renan chose to bring historical and theological debate into the public arena. He proposed a new and personal look at Jesus whom he presents as “an incomparable man - so great that, even if in here we must judge of all things from the view of positive science, I would not contradict those who, struck by the exceptional character of his work, call him God.” Leaving no one indifferent, the book would elicit indignation or admiration, even scandal. Within the vast debate generated by the work, this paper focuses on the relations between literature and history, for while Renan's work seeks to be scientific, it is also a literary work, or mainly so, and frequently considered a masterpiece of romantic literature.